Probabilistic Optimization of Networked Multi-Carrier Microgrids to Enhance Resilience Leveraging Demand Response Programs

Abstract

Microgrids have emerged as a practical solution to improve the power system resilience against unpredicted failures and power outages. Microgrids offer substantial benefits for customers through the local supply of domestic demands as well as reducing curtailment during possible disruptions. Furthermore, the interdependency of natural gas and power networks is a key factor in energy systems’ resilience during critical hours. This paper suggests a probabilistic optimization of networked multi-carrier microgrids (NMCMG), addressing the uncertainties associated with thermal and electrical demands, renewable power generation, and the electricity market. The approach aims to minimize the NMCMG costs associated with the operation, maintenance, CO2e emission, startup and shutdown cost of units, incentive and penalty payments, as well as load curtailment during unpredicted failures. Moreover, two types of demand response programs (DRPs), including time-based and incentive-based DRPs, are addressed. The DRPs unlock the flexibility potentials of domestic demands to compensate for the power shortage during critical hours. The heat-power dual dependency characteristic of combined heat and power systems as a substantial technology in microgrids is considered in the model. The simulation results confirm that the suggested NMCMG not only integrates the flexibility potentials into the microgrids but also enhances the resilience of the energy systems.

Bi‐level planning of distributed energy resources into existing transmission grids: Pathway to sustainable energy systems

“…Power system planning studies are usually affected by uncertainties. There are several methods and approaches for modeling uncertainties of which scenario-based stochastic programming is the common approach used in both the industry [40] and academia [41][42][43]. Moreover, the integration of renewable energy resources into power systems necessitates the modeling of correlated uncertainties in planning studies [44].…”

Strategic bidding of a multi‐carrier microgrid in energy market

“…The log-normal distribution is employed to model the behaviour of DA and RT electricity price markets [32].…”

“…The log‐normal distribution is employed to model the behaviour of DA and RT electricity price markets [32]. $$\begin{equation} f(\rho )=\frac{1}{C\, \sigma \, \sqrt{2\pi}}\exp \left(-\frac{(\ln (\rho )-\mu )^{2}}{2{\sigma}^{2}}\right) \end{equation}$$…”

IoT-Based Mobile Energy Storage Operation in Multi-MG Power Distribution Systems to Enhance System Resiliency

“…The authors in reference [5] consider network nano grid rather than microgrid for electric vehicle battery operation using energy management for enhancing the system resiliency. The authors in reference [6] propose a probabilistic optimization model applied in networked multi-carrier microgrids to enhance the system resiliency and minimize the system operating and emissions cost. A control-based energy management system is applied in industrial microgrids with solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery storage systems to improve the resiliency and reduce operating costs [7].…”