Probability in gene expression

Kellermayer, Richárd

doi:10.1097/01.gim.0000214454.70349.6f

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…This characteristic is thought to be critical not only for evolutionary adaptation but also disease development as well (41). Epigenetic regulation is actually a great example for how life operates with probability, gene expression (42) in this case. We would like to fore bring, that probability or stochasticity characterizes the additional 2 hits of IBD development in our conceptual approach as well.…”

Section: The Prenatal Hit: Primermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiome and the Triple Environmental Hit Concept of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis

Kellermayer

2020

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology &Amp; Nutrition

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The incidence of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have significantly increased in recent decades implicating environmental effects. The developmental origin of disease concept provides a theoretical framework by which the complex interplay between environmental factors and host cells, particularly during vulnerable time periods, ultimately cause disease, such as IBD. Epigenetics has been proposed as the underlying mechanism within this concept, turning environmental triggers into stable changes of cellular function. Adding further to the complexity of IBD is the gut microbiome, which is equally responsive to the environment, and can impact host cell function, where recent findings underscore the stochastic and individualized nature of such effects. We review the microbiome literature through a novel triple environmental hit concept (priming, modulation, and trigger) of IBD pathogenesis. We propose that there are at least 3 distinct stages during an individual's lifespan where random/stochastic events driven by environmental influences are necessary for ultimately developing IBD. By this means, we speculate that microbiome-directed therapeutics carry potential for individualized prevention and dynamic treatment of IBD.

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Section: The Prenatal Hit: Primermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gut Microbiome and the Triple Environmental Hit Concept of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis

Kellermayer

2020

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology &Amp; Nutrition

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“… 9 , 10 Since this is not the case, stochastic variation in individual biological systems must play an important role in the etiology of IBD. 6 , 11 , 12 Therefore, the gut microbiome is a highly plausible target where stochastic, environmentally responsive changes may induce susceptibility toward IBD, and stochastic interactions may even be at play after the onset of the disease. Intriguingly, one of the largest undertakings on the human gut microbiome to date has recently concluded that dysbiotic periods in IBD patients are “potentially stochastic”.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%