Probiotic beverage: the potential of anti-diabetes within kombucha tea made from sea grapes (Ceulerpa racemosa) containing high antioxidant and polyphenol total

Modulation of gut microbiota and markers of metabolic syndrome in mice on cholesterol and fat enriched diet by butterfly pea flower kombucha

“…These results showed the fermented drink contained far more metabolites (about 4-fold) from the Butterfly pea compared to 19 metabolites reported from the butterfly pea in the absence of fermentation ( Lijon et al, 2017 ). This is in line with other studies that show that the fermentation process, especially using the kombucha or SCOBY technique, can increase bioactive compounds in a food product ( Permatasari et al, 2021 , 2022a ; Augusta et al, 2021 ; Tanner et al, 2022 ). Although the metabolites identified in this work likely contributed to the biological activity of the new kombucha drink, future research should explore the use of bioinformatics, computational modeling, or in silico molecular dockings to determine the biological significance of the discovered butterfly pea metabolites.…”

“…The bottle was covered with clean gauze and tied so that the cloth closes tightly; then, it was stored in anaerobic conditions at 20–25 °C for 12 days. The formulation was designed by Dr. Siti Chairiyah Batubara, S.T.P., M.Si (Food Technology Expert Certified, Department of Food Technology, Sahid University Jakarta), taking into account previous research formulations ( Permatasari et al, 2021 , 2022a ; Augusta et al, 2021 ; Tanner et al, 2022 ). After 12 days of fermentation, all sample drinks were stored at a refrigerator temperature of 4–8 °C for in vitro and in vivo analysis.…”

Metabolomic Assay, Computational Screening, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Caulerpa racemosa as an Anti-obesity With Anti-aging by Altering Lipid Profile and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Coactivator 1-α Levels

“…Several studies have shown that sea grapes contain several bioactive components, such as bioactive peptides, polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidants (19)(20)(21)(22). Additionally, sea grapes contain high antioxidant levels and may have potential as functional foods or nutraceuticals (20,21,23,24). Doses of 150 mg/kg BW (30 mg/200 g BW) sea grape extract in our previous preclinical trial showed that it could improve blood glucose (BG), total cholesterol (TC), and serum PGC-1α levels in rats fed a diet high in fat and cholesterol (25).…”

Anti-aging potential of cookies from sea grapes in mice fed on cholesterol- and fat-enriched diet: in vitro with in vivo study

“…[ 3 ] wrote a review study in 2017 that described the profile of sea grapes that is rich in protein, fiber, minerals, vitamins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and bioactive antioxidants. Some of these bioactive compounds with potential antioxidative activity include phenols, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, xanthoproteins, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, sitosterol, caulerpicin, caulerpin, caulerpenin, gallocatechin, epicatechin, and catechin gallate [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Consumption of antioxidants is important in the prevention of degenerative diseases or non-communicable diseases, Systematic studies review has shown that adequate intake of dietary sources of antioxidants is associated with a lower risk of chronic disease and aging [ 15 ].…”

“…Both compounds are of bioactive antioxidant [ 4 , 5 ]. In addition, sea grapes contain secondary metabolites such as phenols, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, xanthoproteins, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, sitosterol, caulerpicin, gallochincatechin, epicatechin, and catechin gallate [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. Caulerpin (CLP) as a typical alkaloid sourced from algae of the genus Caulerpa, has shown potent anti-inflammatory activity [ 9 ].…”