Probiotic strains improve high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia through modulating gut microbiota in ways different from atorvastatin

Sudun,; Liu, Songling; Chen, Xiao; Peng, Can; Liang, Lifeng; He, Xiaofen; Zhao, Shancen; Zhang, Gengyun

doi:10.1039/c9fo00444k

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In previous studies where golden hamsters were exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress or LAB administration, ingestion of probiotics significantly decreased the body weight gain ( 66 – 68 ). However, in the studies where feeding was unrestricted but monitored, probiotic intervention had no effect on body weight gain ( 38 , 39 , 66 , 69 ), which was consistent with our findings here. Remarkably, Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 exhibited cholesterol-lowering effect while Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 did not have such effect.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In previous reports, the cholesterol-lowering intervention strategies used in hyperlipidemic rodents increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus or Bifidobacteria and decreased the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides ( 39 , 73 – 75 ). However, interventions used in this study did not have such effects ( Figure 8B ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The viable counts of lyophilized bacteria were enumerated on MRS agar by surface plating on a weekly basis. Lyophilized bacteria were suspended in saline and the viable cell counts in the suspension used for gavage administration were ~10 9 CFU/mL ( 35 , 38 , 39 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probiotic Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 on Hypercholesteremic Golden Hamsters

Yang

Lyu

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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Hypercholesteremia or high cholesterol is one of the important factors leading to atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases. The application of probiotics with cholesterol-lowering characteristics has become increasingly popular over the past decade due to their contribution to human health. This study aimed to evaluate the probiotic effects of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 on hyperlipidemic golden hamsters. A hyperlipidemic model was established through a high cholesterol diet in golden hamsters, after which lyophilized Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 were orally administered individually for 8 weeks. The physiological characteristics of golden hamsters and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) in the colon were assessed by automatic Biochemical Analyzer and gas choromatograph, respectively. A MiSeq sequencing-based analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene (V3–V4 region) in the cecum content was performed to analyze the cecum microbiota. Correlations between sets of these variables were also investigated using the R package “corrplot.” Results showed that neither Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 nor Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 inhibited body weight increase. However, supplementation with Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 for 8 weeks increased colon SCFA levels (P < 0.05), decreased serum low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels, and also induced changes in the cecum microbiota of hyperlipidemic golden hamsters. Remarkably, oral administration of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 increased the relative abundance of Parabacteroides in the cecum, which served as a biomarker for colon SCFA production and improvement of serum cholesterol levels. In a word, Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 improved hyperlipidemia in golden hamsters, which correlated with an increase in SCFA levels and relative abundance of Parabacteroides, indicating its potential importance in functional foods that can help lower cholesterol.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Probiotic Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 on Hypercholesteremic Golden Hamsters

Yang

Lyu

et al. 2021

Front. Nutr.

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“…The Chao1 and Shannon indices showed that the species richness and the evenness of the intestinal bacteria in the Drosophila on a standard diet were different to those on a probiotics-supplemented diet. These results support the conclusions of previous studies, which suggested that dietary probiotic administration can increase gut bacterial diversity [76][77][78]. These changes in species diversity can be considered to be beneficial effects of the probiotic combination on Drosophila, because species-rich microorganisms are more resistant to pathogen invasion, more efficient at resource utilization, and make the intestinal ecosystem more stable [79,80].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Impact of Probiotic Combination in InR[E19]/TM2 Drosophila melanogaster on Longevity, Related Gene Expression, and Intestinal Microbiota: A Preliminary Study

Sun

Yang

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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The insulin receptor (InR) pertains to the insulin receptor family, which plays a key role in the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-like signaling (IIS) pathway. Insulin signaling defects may result in the development of metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, and the InR mutant has been suggested to bear insulin signaling deficiency. Numerous studies have reported that probiotics are beneficial for the treatment of diabetes; however, the effect of probiotics on patients with InR deficiency has seldom been reported. Therefore, we chose the InR[E19]/TM2 Drosophila melanogaster to investigate. The results indicated that probiotics significantly reduce the mean and median lifespan of InR[E19]/TM2 Drosophila (by 15.56% and 23.82%, respectively), but promote that of wild-type files (by 9.31% and 16.67%, respectively). Significant differences were obtained in the expression of lifespan- and metabolism-related genes, such as Imp-L2, Tor, and GstD2, between the standard diet groups and the probiotics groups. Furthermore, analysis of 16S rDNA via high throughput sequencing revealed that the gut bacterial diversity of Drosophila fed with a probiotic combination also differs from that of Drosophila fed with a standard diet. In summary, these findings indicate that a probiotic combination indeed affects InR[E19]/TM2 Drosophila, but not all of its impacts are positive.

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“…Genomic DNA extraction and library construction were performed at Shenzhen BGI Technology following a previously reported protocol ( 18 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone Replacement Therapy Reverses Gut Microbiome and Serum Metabolome Alterations in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

et al. 2021

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ObjectiveWe explored the gut microbiome and serum metabolome alterations in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) with the aim to unravel the pathological mechanism underlying POI.MethodsFecal and serum samples obtained from healthy females (HC, n = 10) and patients with POI treated with (n = 10) or without (n = 10) HRT were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics analysis, respectively. Peripheral blood samples were collected to detect serum hormone and cytokine levels. Spearman’s rank correlation was used to evaluate correlations between sex hormones and cytokines and between the gut microbiota and serum metabolites. To further confirm the correlation between Eggerthella and ovarian fibrosis, the mice were inoculated with Eggerthella lenta (E. lenta) through oral gavage.ResultsThe abundance of genus Eggerthella significantly increased in the fecal samples of patients with POI compared to that observed in the samples of HCs. This increase was reversed in patients with POI treated with HRT. Patients with POI showed significantly altered serum metabolic signatures and increased serum TGF-β1 levels; this increase was reversed by HRT. The abundance of Eggerthella was positively correlated with altered metabolic signatures, which were, in turn, positively correlated with serum TGF-β1 levels in all subjects. Estrogen ameliorated ovarian fibrosis induced by E. lenta in mice.ConclusionsThe interactions between the gut microbiota, serum metabolites, and serum TGF-β1 in patients with POI may play a critical role in the development of POI. HRT not only closely mimicked normal ovarian hormone production in patients with POI but also attenuated gut microbiota dysbiosis and imbalance in the levels of serum metabolites and TGF-β1, which are reportedly associated with fibrosis. The findings of this study may pave the way for the development of preventive and curative therapies for patients with POI.

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Probiotic strains improve high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia through modulating gut microbiota in ways different from atorvastatin

Abstract: Probiotics exert additional favorable effects on gut microbiota, making them excellent potential complements to cholesterol-lowering drugs like ATO.

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Probiotic Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 on Hypercholesteremic Golden Hamsters

Probiotic Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum ZJUIDS06 and Lactobacillus plantarum ZY08 on Hypercholesteremic Golden Hamsters

Impact of Probiotic Combination in InR[E19]/TM2 Drosophila melanogaster on Longevity, Related Gene Expression, and Intestinal Microbiota: A Preliminary Study

Hormone Replacement Therapy Reverses Gut Microbiome and Serum Metabolome Alterations in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency

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