Probiotic supplementation affects markers of intestinal barrier, oxidation, and inflammation in trained men; a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial

Lamprecht, Manfred; Bogner, Simon; Schippinger, G.; Steinbauer, Kurt; Fankhauser, Florian; Hallstroem, S.; Schuetz, Burkhard; Greilberger, Joachim

doi:10.1186/1550-2783-9-45

Cited by 211 publications

(287 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Human runners with supplementation of multi-strain probiotics demonstrated increased run time to fatigue in heat [32]. In other practices, probiotics is found to modulate exercise performance through multiple mechanisms, including inflammation, oxidative stress and gut-intestinal integrity [33][34][35][36]. Collectively, these results argued the tight relationship between gut microbiota changes and the physical exercise performance (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Neural Mechanisms of Exercise: Effects on Gut Miccrobiota and Depression

Yuan

Rocha²,

Paes³

et al. 2015

CNSNDDT

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Microbiota is a set of microorganisms resident in gut ecosystem that reacts to psychological stressful stimuli, and is involved in depressed or anxious status in both animals and human being. Interestingly, a series of studies have shown the effects of physical exercise on gut microbiota dynamics, suggesting that gut microbiota regulation might act as one mediator for the effects of exercise on the brain. Recent studies found that gut microbiota dynamics are also regulated by metabolism changes, such as through physical exercise or diet change. Interestingly, physical exercise modulates different population of gut bacteria in compared to food restriction or rich diet, and alleviates gut syndromes to toxin intake. Gut microbiota could as well contribute to the beneficial effects of exercise on cognition and emotion, either directly through serotonin signaling or indirectly by modulating metabolism and exercise performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Neural Mechanisms of Exercise: Effects on Gut Miccrobiota and Depression

Yuan

Rocha²,

Paes³

et al. 2015

CNSNDDT

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“…There also are a number of animal studies [20,21] and clinical trials [22,23,24,25,26,27] demonstrating the efficacy of different probiotics in repairing or preventing damage to epithelial barriers caused by different diseases or other stressors.…”

Section: Indirect Effects: 1) Repair Of Hyperpermeable Epithelial Barmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics as regulators of inflammation: A review

Lescheid¹

2014

FFHD

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A substantial and increasing body of clinical evidence supports the role of specific strains and mixtures of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of certain diseases. Several general mechanisms of action have been proposed, including supporting repair of hyperpermeable epithelial barriers, interfering with infection by pathogens, and restoring a healthful balance of commensal microbes to affect metabolism. Emerging evidence supports an additional role of probiotics as important modulators of immune system responses, including inflammation, at mucosal surfaces. In particular, by preventing or repairing ‘leaky’ epithelial barriers, probiotics can indirectly affect the inflammatory response by negating the source of pro-inflammatory stimuli associated with low-grade endotoxemia. They also enhance production of short chain fatty acids with anti-inflammatory properties (e.g. butyrate) as well as increase synthesis of antimicrobial peptides that influence inflammation resolution pathways in the mucosa. Furthermore, probiotics and some of their secreted metabolic products can act as ligands for innate immune system receptors, directly influencing key pro-inflammatory pathways. They also stimulate the differentiation and activity of important immune cells (e.g., dendritic cells, T cells), and subsequently increase production of important regulatory cytokines, including interleukin-10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-b). Finally, there are limited but increasing animal studies and clinical trials demonstrating probiotics do affect common biomarkers of inflammation, including C-reactive protein, as well as signs and symptoms of the associated diseases suggesting they can have therapeutic benefit in the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease.Keywords: probiotics, inflammation, endotoxemia, epithelial, cytokines, immune, butyrate, antimicrobial peptides

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“…In general, exercise can exclusively affect cytokine levels depending on exercise type, duration, and intensity [21,26] . Several exercise protocols performed in animals or humans have reported different findings regarding cytokine levels [15,[27][28][29][30][31] . Mechanical stimulation of some tissues such as muscle, vascular smooth muscle, connective tissue, and bone leads to change in TGF-β1 production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probiotics reduce the incidence and the severity of respiratory infections [11][12][13] , and duration of gastrointestinal complaints in athletes [13,14] . Probiotics also attenuate the inflammatory response [15] and enhance the plasma antioxidant levels [16] . Probiotic supplementation for 14 weeks leads to a reduction in fecal zonulin and plasma TNF-α levels and this also ameliorates the exercise-induced protein oxidation in training athletes [15] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probiotics also attenuate the inflammatory response [15] and enhance the plasma antioxidant levels [16] . Probiotic supplementation for 14 weeks leads to a reduction in fecal zonulin and plasma TNF-α levels and this also ameliorates the exercise-induced protein oxidation in training athletes [15] . However, information on the effects of probiotic on intestinal barrier, inflammatory, and the oxidative response in moderate and intensive exercise is limited [4] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ratlarda Yüzdürme Egzersizi ve Probiyotik VSL#3’ün Zonulin ile Bazı Yangısal ve Oksidatif Değişkenlere Etkileri

Ünsal¹,

Ünsal²,

Üner³

et al. 2016

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

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Moderate exercise stimulates immune system whereas intensive exercise may display immune-suppressive effect associated with the disruption of intestinal barrier. With this study, we tested the effects of moderate and intensive swimming exercises on some cytokines and oxidant variables and zonulin, an intestinal barrier marker, in rats. We also tested possible ameliorative effects of probiotic VSL#3 in both moderate and intensive exercise regimens. Twenty eight rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups: Control-C, Probiotic-P, Exercise-E, Probiotic+Exercise-PE. The rats in group E and PE underwent moderate swimming exercise for 5 weeks. Following this period, intensive swimming exercise was performed for 5 days. The rats in group C and group P were sedentary. Probiotic VSL#3 was given to group P and PE in the water. At the end of the experiments, serum zonulin, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β, MDA, and protein carbonyl levels were determined. Evidences obtained from present study indicate that moderate swimming exercise improves barrier integrity of intestine and decreases oxidative stress. During the moderate swimming experiment, probiotic VSL#3 supplementation may also improve inflammatory response. On the other hand, intensive exercise does not led changes in the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, but beneficial responses of moderate exercise on the selected parameters probably disappear due to the intense exercise-induced mild stress. Keywords: Cytokine, Oxidative parameters, Probiotic, Rat, Swimming exercise, Zonulin Ratlarda Yüzdürme Egzersizi ve Probiyotik VSL#3'ün Zonulin İle Bazı Yangısal ve Oksidatif Değişkenlere Etkileri ÖzetYoğun egzersizler intestinal bariyerin bozulmasıyla ilişkili olarak immun-supresif etki oluşturabilirken, ılımlı egzersizler immun sistemi stimule eder. Bu çalışma ile ratlarda ılımlı ve yoğun yüzdürme egzersizlerinin bazı sitokinlere, oksidan değişkenlere ve intestinal bariyer belirteci zonuline etkilerini değerlendirdik. Ayrıca probiyotik VSL#3'ün hem ılımlı hem de yoğun yüzdürme periyodundaki olası iyileştirici etkilerini test ettik. Yirmi sekiz rat, rasgele 4 eşit gruba ayrıldı: Kontrol-C, Probiyotik-P, Egzersiz-E, Probiyotik+Egzersiz-PE. E ve PE grubundaki ratlara 5 hafta süreyle ılımlı yüzdürme egzersizi ve ılımlı yüzdürme periyodunu takiben 5 gün süreyle yoğun yüzdürme egzersizi yaptırıldı. C ve P grupları ise sedanter grupları oluşturdu. P ve PE gruplarına içme suyu ile probiyotik VSL#3 verildi. Deneylerin sonunda serumda zonulin, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β, MDA ve protein karbonil düzeyleri belirlendi. Sonuçlar ılımlı yüzdürme egzersizinin bağırsak bariyer bütünlüğünü koruduğunu ve oksidatif stresi azalttığını göstermektedir. Ilımlı egzersiz sürecinde probiyotik VSL#3 alınması yangısal yanıtı da olumlu etkileyebilir. Diğer taraftan yoğun egzersiz herhangi bir yangısal yanıta ve oksidatif strese neden olmamıştır. Fakat ılımlı egzersizin ortaya çıkardığı faydalı yanıtlar muhtemelen yoğun egzersizin oluşturduğu hafif şiddetteki stres nedeniyle ortadan kalkmıştır.

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Probiotic supplementation affects markers of intestinal barrier, oxidation, and inflammation in trained men; a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial

Cited by 211 publications

References 53 publications

Neural Mechanisms of Exercise: Effects on Gut Miccrobiota and Depression

Neural Mechanisms of Exercise: Effects on Gut Miccrobiota and Depression

Probiotics as regulators of inflammation: A review

Ratlarda Yüzdürme Egzersizi ve Probiyotik VSL#3’ün Zonulin ile Bazı Yangısal ve Oksidatif Değişkenlere Etkileri

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