Probiotic therapy as a novel approach in the prevention and treatment of gingivitis. A review

Abstract

<p>Gingivitis is caused by a mixture of Gram-positive and Gram-negative species and is characterized by inflammatory exudate in the marginal region. Probiotics have been introduced in the prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases and represent an innovative approach to maintaining oral health using beneficial bacteria when administered in adequate amounts. The mechanism of action of probiotics in the oral cavity is not fully understood but is commonly explained by a combination of local and systemic immunomodulation. The results of the studies suggest that probiotics may be useful in the prevention and treatment of gingivitis, but their effectiveness is still very questionable. Thus, more in vivo research is needed through randomized controlled studies evaluating the main periodontal clinical parameters, levels of inflammatory mediators and microbiological analyzes, especially to elucidate some still unknown mechanisms of action and to ensure the use of probiotics as an effective therapy in the prevention and treatment of gingivitis.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p>Gingivitis; Probiotics; Periodontal treatment.</p>

Is the use of Lactobacillus reuteri probiotic efficient as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of periodontitis? A systematic review

“…In this scenario, probiotics use were considered for the treatment of gingival and periodontal conditions [15,16]. The mechanisms related to the use of probiotics are the host's immunoinflammatory modulation [17], the attenuation of periodontal pathogen-induced interleukins expression in epithelial oral cells [18], and the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines [19].…”

Antagonistic Interactions of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Human Oral Microbiome against Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

“…It is suggested that probiotic microorganisms have a vital participation in the prevention of different oral diseases when consumed regularly [ 15 ]. Intensive research on the properties of probiotics in maintaining ecological equilibrium and efficiently normalizing the oral microbiota has been an essential subject for many years [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”