Probiotic Yeast: Mode of Action and Its Effects on Ruminant Nutrition

Abstract

The main purpose of yeast supplementation is to treat rumen microbial dysbiosis which may enhance the nutrient utilization leading to enhanced animal growth and productivity. Yeast improves rumen ecosystem by two ways: by direct production of digestive enzymes and growth stimulator and by promoting the growth and function of beneficial microbiota. Yeasts have potential to produce metabolites, which stimulate the growth, like rumen acetogens and antimicrobial compounds which inhibit potential pathogens. The yeast probiotic impact on animals depend on different interacting factors including animal breed, supplemented dose, type, diet, strain, physiological stage and feeding system. In the situation of a high feed cost all over the world, probiotic yeast gives a useful nutritional strategy which allows increasing diet digestibility and consequently enhances the performance in ruminants in cost-effective manner. Many yeast culture-based products are commercially available worldwide, but their effectiveness as probiotic dietary supplement in a particular breed is mostly questionable. Therefore, exploration of the new indigenous probiotic strain is of great interest in this context. The probiotic strains of same ecological origin may be more compatible with rumen microbiome giving maximum outputs. Moreover, the breed specific probiotic yeast is an economical and viable option for farmers to overcome the effects of malnutrition.

Molecular Identification of Lactic acid bacteria Isolated from Lactating Cattle Lower Gut as a Potential Probiotic Species

“…The viable bacterial count at pH 5 to 5.5 on MRS media was in accordance with the findings of Morandi et al (2005). The enzymatic activity of probiotic strains is also a vital phenomenon which increases feed utilization efficiency (Shakira et al, 2017). Strain PBC-3 (Enterococcus faecalis) showed positive proteolytic activity (Table 6).…”

“…There is need to investigate indigenous probiotic species from local animal breed. The probiotic strains isolated from native organism of same ecological niche may be more compatible with gut microbiota (Shakira et al, 2017). Therefore, the current experiment was performed to isolate probiotic from Sahiwal breed of lactating cattle.…”

“…Antibiotic resistance: Disc diffusion method was used for determination of the antibiotic resistance (Olatunde et al 2018). Antimicrobial activities of the bacterial strains was done by using the pathogenic strains such as, Listeria monocytogenes, E.coli and Staphylococcus aureus based on Shakira et al (2017).…”

Dynamic role of single‐celled fungi in ruminal microbial ecology and activities

“…The effect of live yeast on the microbial flora of the gastrointestinal tract in ruminants (Figure adapted from Ghazanfar et al . ()). [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”

Screening of cattle gut associated Bacillus strains for their potential use as animal probiotic

“…This experiment was the ûrst report to characterize the B. tequilensis fecal samples of lactating cow. The probiotic strains of same ecological origin may be more compatible with animal gut microbes giving highest outputs (Shakira et al, 2017). Acid tolerance is usually known as an essential criteria in the in probiotic selection.…”