Probiotics as an Adjunct Therapy for the Treatment of Halitosis, Dental Caries and Periodontitis

Bustamante, Mariela; Oomah, B. Dave; Mosi-Roa, Yohanna; Rubilar, Mónica; Burgos‐Díaz, César

doi:10.1007/s12602-019-9521-4

Cited by 102 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…There are several clinical studies that investigated the clinical efficiency of probiotics in the management of periodontitis in addition to nonsurgical periodontal therapy. 15,[29][30][31][32] A systematic review study by Martin-Cabezas et al supported the adjunctive use of Lactobacillus reuteri with SRP in the management of chronic periodontitis. 33 The concept of our study evaluated the immunological response and clinical outcomes to periodontal therapy with and without the use of probiotics; this study was supported by previous studies, 31,34 which investigated the effects of probiotics as an adjunctive to nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the levels of some inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Probiotic Lozenges in Periodontal Management of Chronic Periodontitis Patients: Clinical and Immunological Study

et al. 2020

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Objective The main purpose of this article was to evaluate the effect of probiotics used as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP) on the periodontal parameters and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods A total of 25 chronic periodontitis patients who completed the treatment course of 40 subjects, aged 25 to 58 years, participated in this study. They were categorized into two groups: the first group was treated by SRP while the second group was treated by SRP and probiotic lozenges twice a day for 30 days. All patients were evaluated clinically by measuring the plaque index, bleeding index (BI), pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and immunologically by assaying GCF/MMP-8 at baseline and 30 days after periodontal management. Results There was a significant improvement in periodontal parameters after SRP treatment with and without probiotic lozenges in both groups. However, there was a significant decrease in the BI (p = 0.05) in SRP and probiotic lozenges group after 30 days compared with SRP alone. In addition, there was a significant decrease in GCF/MMP-8 levels after 30 days in patients managed by SRP only (p = 0.017) compared with the baseline in both groups, whereas a highly significant decrease in patients treated by SRP and probiotics (p = 0.001). Conclusion The current study suggested that the probiotics might have a beneficial effect on clinical and immunological outcomes in the management of chronic periodontitis patients. Further research is needed on a large-scale population and for a long recall time to confirm the response to probiotics as an adjunctive to SRP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Probiotic Lozenges in Periodontal Management of Chronic Periodontitis Patients: Clinical and Immunological Study

et al. 2020

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“…77 Although further research is required, recent evidence from clinical studies suggests that the use of probiotics can potentially be effective for preventing and treating halitosis and periodontitis. 78,79 Halitosis: Practical Considerations From a clinical perspective, it is crucial to distinguish between intra-oral and extra-oral halitosis. Although a small proportion of individuals have halitosis of extraoral origin and some have pseudohalitosis/halitophobia, neither of which should be underestimated, the vast majority of halitosis cases are intra-oral.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Underestimated Problem of Intra-Oral Halitosis in Dental Practice: An Expert Consensus Review</p>

Renvert¹,

Noack²,

Lequart³

et al. 2020

CCIDE

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Approximately 90% of halitosis cases originate within the oral cavity (intra-oral halitosis). With a focus on intra-oral halitosis, this narrative review article provides a current summary of the epidemiology, diagnosis and management of halitosis and discusses practical considerations for healthcare professionals (HCPs), including dentists, dental hygienists, general practitioners, community pharmacists, nurses and medical specialists. MEDLINE and PubMed were searched up to 31 December 2019. Additional information was sourced from reference lists of relevant published literature. Full-text articles which reported on the epidemiology, diagnosis and management of halitosis were considered for inclusion. Halitosis affects substantial numbers of individuals globally and is an underestimated problem in dental practice. Current estimates of the prevalence of halitosis, in addition to diagnostic methods and management considerations for halitosis, are discussed. Although not a life-threatening condition, halitosis has a significant impact on patients' quality of life and can result in psychological consequences including social, professional and affective limitations. Using a simple step-wise approach for diagnosis and treatment, dentists and dental hygienists are ideally placed to respond to an initial consultation for halitosis.

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“…Probiotics have been described as microorganisms that provide a health benefit and that have the potential to modify the microflora and re-balance the described dysbiosis [2,3]. However, the association between this modification and any clinically relevant effects on dental caries (lesion prevention or arrest) has not been unambiguously established [4][5][6]. Hence, a range of in vitro studies has been conducted to better understand the effects of widely available probiotic strains on dental pathogens [7][8][9], demonstrating probiotic effects mainly based on three mechanisms-an enhanced activity of the arginine deiminase system (ADS), direct inhibition of pathogens, and indirect reduction of pathogen colonization by competition for surface receptors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic Effects on Multispecies Biofilm Composition, Architecture, and Caries Activity In Vitro

et al. 2020

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While probiotics have been tested for their anti-caries effect in vitro and also clinically, there is a lack of understanding of their effects on complex dental biofilms. We assessed two probiotics, Lactobacillus reuteri and Streptococcus oligofermentans, on a continuous-cultured model containing Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Actinomyces naeslundii. Cariogenic biofilms were grown on bovine enamel specimens and daily challenged with L. reuteri or S. oligofermentans whole culture (LC/SC) or cell-free supernatant (LS/SS) or medium only (negative control, NC) (n = 21/group) for 10 days. Biofilm was assessed via counting colony-forming units, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Caries activity was determined by pH measurements and by assessing mineral loss (ΔZ) using transverse microradiography. Both LC and SC significantly reduced total and strain-specific cariogenic bacterial numbers (p < 0.05). ΔZ was reduced in LC (mean ± SD: 1846.67 ± 317.89) and SC (3315.87 ± 617.30) compared to NC (4681.48 ± 495.18, p < 0.05). No significant reductions in bacterial numbers and ΔZ was induced by supernatants. Biofilm architecture was not considerably affected by probiotic applications. Viable probiotics L. reuteri and S. oligofermentans, but not their culture supernatants, could reduce the caries activity of multi-species biofilms in vitro.

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Probiotics as an Adjunct Therapy for the Treatment of Halitosis, Dental Caries and Periodontitis

Cited by 102 publications

References 61 publications

Effectiveness of Probiotic Lozenges in Periodontal Management of Chronic Periodontitis Patients: Clinical and Immunological Study

Effectiveness of Probiotic Lozenges in Periodontal Management of Chronic Periodontitis Patients: Clinical and Immunological Study

<p>The Underestimated Problem of Intra-Oral Halitosis in Dental Practice: An Expert Consensus Review</p>

Probiotic Effects on Multispecies Biofilm Composition, Architecture, and Caries Activity In Vitro

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