Probiotics as antifungal agents: Experimental confirmation and future prospects

Kosgey, Janet Cheruiyot; Jia, Lina; Fang, Yong; Yang, Jianxun; Gao, Lei; Wang, Jielin; Nyamao, Rose Magoma; Cheteu, Martin; Tong, Dandan; Wekesa, Vitalis W.; Vasilyeva, N. V.; Zhang, Fengmin

doi:10.1016/j.mimet.2019.05.001

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Probiotics can block the passage of pathogenic microbes from the gastrointestinal tract to the vagina, modulate the host's immune response, and influence the epithelial defences and thus the expression of inflammatory genes induced by VVC. Apart from that, probiotics have a direct fungicidal effect, which can inhibit the growth of Candida and impede its adhesion to epithelial cells 218 . In addition to lactobacilli, lactoferrin, which is an iron‐binding glycoprotein that can be found in milk and cervical mucus, is an interesting compound to reduce the risk of vaginal candidosis.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from that, probiotics have a direct fungicidal effect, which can inhibit the growth of Candida and impede its adhesion to epithelial cells. 218 In addition to lactobacilli, lactoferrin, which is an iron-binding glycoprotein that can be found in milk and cervical mucus, is an interesting compound to reduce the risk of vaginal candidosis. Russo et al 210 examined the ability of an oral mixture of lactobacilli with lactoferrin to reduce the recurrence of VVC clotrimazole treatment, and the results were promising (statement #18, Table 1).…”

Section: Probiotic Usementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Guideline: Vulvovaginal candidosis (AWMF 015/072, level S2k)

Farr

Effendy

Tirri

et al. 2021

Mycoses

146

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Approximately 70‐75% of women will have vulvovaginal candidosis (VVC) at least once in their lifetime. In premenopausal, pregnant, asymptomatic and healthy women and women with acute VVC, Candida albicans is the predominant species. The diagnosis of VVC should be based on clinical symptoms and microscopic detection of pseudohyphae. Symptoms alone do not allow reliable differentiation of the causes of vaginitis. In recurrent or complicated cases, diagnostics should involve fungal culture with species identification. Serological determination of antibody titres has no role in VVC. Before the induction of therapy, VVC should always be medically confirmed. Acute VVC can be treated with local imidazoles, polyenes or ciclopirox olamine, using vaginal tablets, ovules or creams. Triazoles can also be prescribed orally, together with antifungal creams, for the treatment of the vulva. Commonly available antimycotics are generally well tolerated, and the different regimens show similarly good results. Antiseptics are potentially effective but act against the physiological vaginal flora. Neither a woman with asymptomatic colonisation nor an asymptomatic sexual partner should be treated. Women with chronic recurrent Candida albicans vulvovaginitis should undergo dose‐reducing maintenance therapy with oral triazoles. Unnecessary antimycotic therapies should always be avoided, and non‐albicans vaginitis should be treated with alternative antifungal agents. In the last 6 weeks of pregnancy, women should receive antifungal treatment to reduce the risk of vertical transmission, oral thrush and diaper dermatitis of the newborn. Local treatment is preferred during pregnancy.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Probiotic Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Guideline: Vulvovaginal candidosis (AWMF 015/072, level S2k)

Farr

Effendy

Tirri

et al. 2021

Mycoses

146

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“…The review by Zhang et al described the recent reports that indicate that probiotics may also contribute to protect against fungal infections [159]. Even if some publications have evaluated the benefits of probiotics against fungal infections caused by C. albicans, C. glabrata, A. fumigatus, T. tonsurans, M. canis, M. gypseum, or E. flocossum, no reports on C. auris are presented in that review published in 2019.…”

Section: Probiotics and Postbioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promising Drug Candidates and New Strategies for Fighting against the Emerging Superbug Candida auris

et al. 2021

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Invasive fungal infections represent an expanding threat to public health. During the past decade, a paradigm shift of candidiasis from Candida albicans to non-albicans Candida species has fundamentally increased with the advent of Candida auris. C. auris was identified in 2009 and is now recognized as an emerging species of concern and underscores the urgent need for novel drug development strategies. In this review, we discuss the genomic epidemiology and the main virulence factors of C. auris. We also focus on the different new strategies and results obtained during the past decade in the field of antifungal design against this emerging C. auris pathogen yeast, based on a medicinal chemist point of view. Critical analyses of chemical features and physicochemical descriptors will be carried out along with the description of reported strategies.

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“…Agar well diffusion (Kosgey et al, 2019;Shehata, El Sohaimy, El-Sahn, & Youssef, 2016) was carried out on the agar plates, inoculated evenly with 10 µl of E. coli (10 8 cfu/ml), S. aureus (10 8 cfu/ml), or C. albicans (10 5 cfu/ml) each, and then, 10 µl of honey (50% v/v in PBS), honey isolate (10 8 cfu/ml) and PBS was added immediately in the wells of each agar plate. The growth inhibitions of three independent experiments were measured as diameter (mm) of a clear zone around the well after incubation at 37°C for 24 hr, and the results were compared to untreated and drug as controls.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activity Screened Using Agar Well Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Liquid coculture (Kosgey et al, 2019;Kosgey et al, 2020;Victor Haruo Matsubara, Wang, Bandara, Mayer, & Samaranayake, 2016) was done in order to confirm the antimicrobial activity of honey isolate. The honey isolate (10 8 ) was cocultured with C. albicans (10 5 cfu/ml) in NA: YPD (1:1) broth, and E. coli (10 8 cfu/ml) and S. aureus (10 8 cfu/ml) in nutrient broth at 37°C for 24 hr in an aerobic incubator (180rpm).…”

Section: Antimicrobial Activity Confirmation By Liquid Coculturementioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and mechanism of antagonistic activity of Bacillus sp. A2 against pathogenic fungus and bacteria: The implication on honey's regulatory mechanism on host's microbiota

Jia

Kosgey

Wang

et al. 2020

Food Science & Nutrition

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Honey is thought to act against microbes and regulates microbiota balance, and this is mainly attributed to the enzymatic production of hydrogen peroxide, high osmolarity, and nonperoxidase factors, for example, lysozyme and botanical sources of nectar, while the effect of honey's probiotic is recently considered. The study of honey as source of beneficial microbes is understudied. The purpose of this study was to screen for the beneficial microorganisms in honey with antagonistic property against important pathogens and the mechanism of antimicrobial activity and thus play a beneficial role as probiotics. The results showed that one out of the fourteen bacterial isolates had antimicrobial activity and was identified as Bacillus Sp. A2 by 16S rRNA sequence and morphology. Antimicrobial activity of the isolate against C. albicans, E. coli, and S. aureus was confirmed by Agar well diffusion and liquid coculture assays, and the propagation of those microbes was significantly inhibited after treatment with the isolate Bacillus sp. A2 (p < .05) in comparison with untreated negative control and positive control (fluconazole, chloramphenicol, L. plantarum). The morphological changes including the distorted shape with indentations and leakages (SEM), damaged cell membrane, and cell wall with the disintegration and attachment of the Bacillus sp. A2 (TEM) in treated C. albicans were observed. Meanwhile, reactive oxygen species accumulation and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential were detected in treated C. albicans. These results revealed that the isolate Bacillus sp. A2 from honey has significant antimicrobial activity (p < .05) against C. albicans in comparison with untreated negative control and positive control L. plantarum, which depends on the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial damage, and the cell apoptosis. We concluded that the Bacillus sp. A2 possess the antimicrobial property, which may contribute to regulation of host's microbiota as a beneficial microbe or probiotic.

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Probiotics as antifungal agents: Experimental confirmation and future prospects

Cited by 23 publications

References 86 publications

Guideline: Vulvovaginal candidosis (AWMF 015/072, level S2k)

Guideline: Vulvovaginal candidosis (AWMF 015/072, level S2k)

Promising Drug Candidates and New Strategies for Fighting against the Emerging Superbug Candida auris

Antimicrobial and mechanism of antagonistic activity of Bacillus sp. A2 against pathogenic fungus and bacteria: The implication on honey's regulatory mechanism on host's microbiota

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