Probit analysis of comparative assays on toxicities of lead chloride and lead acetate to <i>in vitro</i> cultured human umbilical cord blood lymphocytes

Patnaik, Rajashree; Padhy, Rabindra N.

doi:10.1515/intox-2015-0007

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…SPSS statistical analysis software (IBM Analytics, Version 25), in conjunction with the Probit Analysis Method, was used to calculate IC 50 (50% viability) values and 95% confidence limit ranges from the MTT analyses [26]. The Global Harmonized Classification System (GHS) was used to interpret the lethal dose (LD 50 ) of the extract, and to categorize the acute toxicity of herbal mixture extract [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Profile, Safety and Efficacy of a Herbal Mixture Used for Contraception by Traditional Health Practitioners in Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality, South Africa

Moroole

Materechera

Otang-Mbeng

et al. 2022

Plants

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The use of medicinal plants for contraception remains a common practice among South African ethnic groups. The present study assessed the phytochemical profile, cytotoxicity, acute oral toxicity and efficacy of a herbal mixture used for contraception by the Batswana of South Africa. An aqueous extract was prepared from equal quantities (in terms of weight) of Bulbine frutescens (roots), Helichrysum caespititium (leaves) and Teucrium trifidum (leaves) based on a recipe used by traditional health practitioners. The phytochemical profiles of the freeze-dried herbal mixture were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In addition, cytotoxicity was determined using an MTT assay on Vero cells and in vivo contraceptive efficacy was evaluated using seven Sprague Dawley rats per control and treatment groups. The control group received distilled water while test groups received 5, 50 and 300 mg/kg of the herbal mixture, which was administered orally once a day for three consecutive days. Subsequently, female rats were paired 1:1 with males for 3 days. Their weights were measured weekly and incidence of pregnancy was recorded. The GC-MS chromatogram revealed the presence of 12 identified and 9 unidentified compounds. In terms of safety, the herbal mixture had an IC50 value of 755.2 μg/mL and 2000 mg/kg, which was the highest tested dose that caused no mortality or morbidity in the rats. A contraceptive efficacy of 14.5% was exerted with 50 mg/kg herbal mixture extract while other doses had no effects given that all the rats were pregnant. Based on a chi-square test (p < 0.05), there was no correlation between the tested herbal mixture doses and contraception, nor on the weight of the rats. Overall, the herbal mixture extract was found to be safe but had limited contraceptive efficacy at the tested doses. In future studies, exploring increased dose range, solvent extract types and hormonal analysis will be pertinent.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Profile, Safety and Efficacy of a Herbal Mixture Used for Contraception by Traditional Health Practitioners in Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality, South Africa

Moroole

Materechera

Otang-Mbeng

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…The entire irradiation process was recorded to quantify the overall photocoagulation time. Probit analysis was used as a probabilistic (binary) approach to estimate the complete hemostasis time with a 50% probability . Thus, 1 is considered hemostasis whereas 0 nonhemostasis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual‐wavelength‐assisted thermal hemostasis for treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia

Hwang

Kim

Truong

et al. 2017

Journal of Biophotonics

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Laser treatment on a large size of prostate gland often encounters significant bleeding that can prolong the entire procedure and cause urinary complications. The current study investigates the feasibility of dual-wavelength (532 and 980 nm) application to achieve rapid hemostasis for 532-nm laser prostatectomy. Porcine kidney and bleeding phantom models were tested to quantify the degree of the irreversible tissue coagulation and to estimate the time for the complete hemostasis, respectively. The ex vivo kidney testing verifies that the dual-wavelength created up to 40% deeper and 25% wider coagulation regions than a single wavelength does. The bleeding phantom testing demonstrates that due to the enhanced thermal effects, the simultaneous irradiation yields the complete photocoagulation (~11 seconds) whereas 532 or 980 nm hardly stops bleeders. Numerical simulations validate that the combined optical-thermal characteristics of both the wavelengths account for the augmented thermal coagulation. The dual-wavelength-assisted coagulation can be a feasible treatment to entail the rapid hemostasis and to facilitate the laser prostatectomy in an effective manner.

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Synergistic anticancer effects and reduced genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles and tamoxifen in breast cancer cells

Rivera,

Vazquez‐Duhalt,

Castro‐Longoria

et al. 2024

J Biochem & Molecular Tox

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Nanotechnology is emerging as a promising tool to enhance traditional cancer treatments due to rising chemotherapy resistance and the severe side effects of toxic drugs. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely acknowledged for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative properties. Given these AgNP characteristics, this research conducts a comprehensive nanotoxicological assessment of strategic combinations involving AgNPs (68 nm) commercial formulation and tamoxifen on MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 breast tumor cells. Utilizing CompuSyn software, the combination index was determined, revealing a synergistic cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect in AgNPs and tamoxifen combinations (CI < 0.97). Furthermore, this combination impaired cell migration (the scratch zone expanded by over 270%) and significantly increased reactive oxygen species production (up to 96% for MDA‐MB‐231 and 52% for MCF‐7 cells). Surprisingly, the genotoxic effect of these mixtures was minimal (below the allowable genotoxicity index of 1.5). Additionally, both breast tumor cell lines exhibited increased proapoptotic and oxidative stress gene expression following the combined treatment. The internalization of AgNPs into breast cancer cells was observed, enhancing their synergistic antiproliferative effect when combined with tamoxifen. These findings suggest the potential of combining AgNPs with chemotherapeutic agents for innovative studies in oncology therapy.

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Probit analysis of comparative assays on toxicities of lead chloride and lead acetate to in vitro cultured human umbilical cord blood lymphocytes

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Phytochemical Profile, Safety and Efficacy of a Herbal Mixture Used for Contraception by Traditional Health Practitioners in Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality, South Africa

Phytochemical Profile, Safety and Efficacy of a Herbal Mixture Used for Contraception by Traditional Health Practitioners in Ngaka Modiri Molema District Municipality, South Africa

Dual‐wavelength‐assisted thermal hemostasis for treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia

Synergistic anticancer effects and reduced genotoxicity of silver nanoparticles and tamoxifen in breast cancer cells

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