Problems in Processing of Metalliferous Composites from Lithium‐Containing Electrical Devices and Batteries

Jäckel, H.‐G.; Wuschke, Lutz; Peuker, Urs A.

doi:10.1002/cite.201400015

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, the LithoRec Process is sensible to changes in the input stream and has to implement many measures to control the hazards caused by the electrolytes. Also, there is not yet a market for some of the products mentioned above [12,72,76,79,80].…”

Section: Lithorec Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Developments and Challenges in the Recycling of Key Components of (Hybrid) Electric Vehicles

et al. 2015

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The introduction of electromobility causes major challenges as new components and materials enter vehicle recycling. This paper discusses the current developments in the recycling of traction batteries, electric motors, and power electronics, which constitute the key components of (hybrid) electric vehicles. Both technical and ecological aspects are addressed. Beside base metals, all components contain metals that are considered critical by the EU (European Union), e.g., rare earth elements, cobalt, antimony, and palladium. As electromobility is a new trend, no recycling routes have been established at an industrial scale for these components. The implementation is complicated by small return flows and a great variety of vehicle concepts as well as components. Furthermore, drastic changes regarding design and material compositions can be expected over the next decades. Due to hazards and high weights, there is a strong research emphasis on battery recycling. Most pilot-scale or semi-industrial processes focus on the recovery of cobalt, nickel, and copper due to their high value. Electric motors and power electronics can be fed into established recycling routes if they are extracted from the vehicle before shredding.

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Section: Lithorec Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Developments and Challenges in the Recycling of Key Components of (Hybrid) Electric Vehicles

et al. 2015

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“…Moreover, waste treatment of spent LIBs is currently carried out already worldwide [13]. Though the collection of spent batteries and the revenue-generating sale of the secondary raw materials produced remain decisive for the recycling [123]. Additionally, the political framework for an economically and ecologically reasonable collection system need to be created for long-term success [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycling Chain for Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Werner

Peuker

Mütze

2020

Metals

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The recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries (LIB) is becoming increasingly important with regard to environmental, economic, geostrategic, and health aspects due to the increasing amount of LIB produced, introduced into the market, and being spent in the following years. The recycling itself becomes a challenge to face on one hand the special aspects of LIB-technology and on the other hand to reply to the idea of circular economy. In this paper, we analyze the different recycling concepts for spent LIBs and categorize them according to state-of-the-art schemes of waste treatment technology. Therefore, we structure the different processes into process stages and unit processes. Several recycling technologies are treating spent lithium-ion batteries worldwide focusing on one or several process stages or unit processes.

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Future Securing of the Raw Materials Base

Bertau

2019

ChemBioEng Reviews

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The growth in human population results in an increasing demand for raw materials. Recycling is a way to reduce the primary raw materials demand, but growing dilution of technology metals in consumer products and continuous shortening of life cycles lead to an increasing demand for such primary raw materials. In addition, the quality of secondary raw materials is lower compared to primary mining products. However, in circular resources chemistry, the raw materials are processed independent from their source, i.e., it does not matter if they come from mining, recycling, or renewable resources, and they always have primary product quality.

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Problems in Processing of Metalliferous Composites from Lithium‐Containing Electrical Devices and Batteries

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Current Developments and Challenges in the Recycling of Key Components of (Hybrid) Electric Vehicles

Current Developments and Challenges in the Recycling of Key Components of (Hybrid) Electric Vehicles

Recycling Chain for Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Future Securing of the Raw Materials Base

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