Process‐Based Flood Risk Assessment for Germany

Abstract

Integrated flood risk management approaches are implemented in many countries worldwide (Merz et al., 2010;Sayers et al., 2013). These approaches consider that flood defenses might fail and focus on mitigating the consequences of flooding, acknowledging that entirely preventing floods is not possible. In Germany, the events in 1993, 1995 and the extreme event in 2002 triggered various policy decisions toward more systemic risk management approaches (Petrow et al., 2006;Rözer et al., 2020).Nationwide risk assessments are important to support national risk management and climate change adaptation policies (Merz et al., 2010). The European Flood Directive (ES, 2007) requests the European Union member states to provide risk management plans for all areas with potentially significant flood risk. After

Untitled

“…Therefore, a long-term simulation approach is proposed for the low-flow risk analysis. The fundamental model concept is adapted from a long-term approach applied in flood risk analysis research, further described in Sairam et al (2021). The basic idea consists not on the selection of independent scenarios, it is based on the generation of synthetic long-term time series (continuous risk modelling) from several hundred or thousand years, including weather generation, hydrology (Hydrological module), hydrodynamic (Hydrodynamic module), and analysis of consequences (Consequences module, cp.…”

Pemanasan Global Dan Kerusakan Lingkungan: Apakah Masih Menjadi Isu Penting Di Indonesia?

“…Artinya, topik mengenai kerusakan lingkungan cenderung lebih mendapat perhatian dari para peneliti. Hal ini diduga terkait dengan dampakdampak kerusakan lingkungan belakangan yang semakin sering terjadi di kehidupan, sehingga menarik para peneliti untuk mengkaji lebih dalam (Alfieri et al, 2015;Ertugrul et al, 2021;Gu et al, 2020;Reaños, 2021;Sairam et al, 2021). Pemetaan dengan menggunakan VOSviewer menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat cluster penelitian terkait pemanasan global dan kerusakan lingkungan (Gambar 19).…”

Bias in Flood Hazard Grid Aggregation

“…For example, a DEM might be aggregated as part of preprocessing for a hydrodynamic model to improve stability and efficiency (Bates et al., 2021; Sampson et al., 2015), or risk results might be aggregated to adhere to a licensing agreement (Wing et al., 2022). Focusing on the outputs of hazard models (e.g., flood depth grids) and excluding preprocessing (e.g., DEM resampling), most flood risk model studies maintain a single resolution throughout the analysis inherited from some base DEM (Bates et al., 2021; Hall et al., 2005; Sairam et al., 2021). However, some studies aggregate hazard model outputs to facilitate intersection with more coarse exposure data, either through simple averaging (Seifert, Kreibich, et al., 2010; Sieg & Thieken, 2022) or some unspecified method (Jongman et al., 2012; Thieken et al., 2016).…”