Process design of microdomains with quantum mechanics for giant pulse lasers

Abstract

The power scaling of laser devices can contribute to the future of humanity. Giant microphotonics have been advocated as a solution to this issue. Among various technologies in giant microphotonics, process control of microdomains with quantum mechanical calculations is expected to increase the optical power extracted per unit volume in gain media. Design of extensive variables influencing the Gibbs energy of controlled microdomains in materials can realize desired properties. Here we estimate the angular momentum quantum number of rare-earth ions in microdomains. Using this process control, we generate kilowatt-level laser output from orientation-controlled microdomains in a laser gain medium. We also consider the limitations of current samples, and discuss the prospects of power scaling and applications of our technology. This work overturns at least three common viewpoints in current advanced technologies, including material processing based on magnetohydrodynamics, grain-size control of transparent polycrystals in fine ceramics, and the crystallographic symmetry of laser ceramics in photonics.

A strategy for low thermal conductivity of lutetium oxyorthosilicate ceramics fabricated via texture engineering

“…12 Textured Si 3 N 4 ceramics aligned along the c-axis with high thermal conductivity of 176 W⋅m −1 ⋅K −1 were successfully prepared by slip casting under a rotating strong magnetic field of 12 T. 13 In recent years, the development of superconducting magnets has made it possible for weakly magnetic particles to align along an easy magnetization axis under a strong magnetic field. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] The principle is that textured green compacts can be prepared by orienting weakly magnetic particles in a suspension under a strong magnetic field. 20 In general, weakly magnetic materials require a strong magnetic field strength to produce an inducing magnetic field.…”

“…To lower the required external magnetic field strength (B), Δ𝜒 can be enhanced by doping with RE 3+ , because Δ𝜒 of N times enables reduction of B by 1/N 0.5 times, where Δ𝜒 is the difference of magnetic susceptibility (𝜒 = 𝜇 0 𝜕𝑀∕𝜕𝐵, where µ 0 is the magnetic permeability of vacuum, M is magnetization intensity, and B is magnetic field strength) between B parallel to the caxis and B parallel to the a-axis of the host. 19,21 For LSO, there are only paired electrons at the 4f-orbit of lutetium (Lu), which indicates the angular momentum contributes nothing to the magnetic moment of the atom. Recently, textured LSO ceramics doped with 0.5 at.%Ce 3+ , where most grains are aligned parallel to the [−402] direction, were successfully prepared by slip casting under a strong magnetic field of 9 T. 22 The orientation factor was enhanced via optimizing grain size, mass fraction of dispersant and solid content of slurry.…”

“…In recent years, the development of superconducting magnets has made it possible for weakly magnetic particles to align along an easy magnetization axis under a strong magnetic field 13–20 . The principle is that textured green compacts can be prepared by orienting weakly magnetic particles in a suspension under a strong magnetic field 20 .…”

“…In general, weakly magnetic materials require a strong magnetic field strength to produce an inducing magnetic field. To lower the required external magnetic field strength ( B ), $${{\Delta}}\chi $$ can be enhanced by doping with RE 3+ , because $${{\Delta}}\chi $$ of N times enables reduction of B by 1/ N 0.5 times, where $${{\Delta}}\chi $$ is the difference of magnetic susceptibility ($$\chi = {\mu _0}\ \partial M /\partial B$$, where µ 0 is the magnetic permeability of vacuum, M is magnetization intensity, and B is magnetic field strength) between B parallel to the c ‐axis and B parallel to the a ‐axis of the host 19,21 . For LSO, there are only paired electrons at the 4 f ‐orbit of lutetium (Lu), which indicates the angular momentum contributes nothing to the magnetic moment of the atom.…”