Process intensification of copper extraction using emulsion liquid membranes: Experimental search for optimal conditions

Zinc and Copper Separation through an Emulsion Liquid Membrane Containing Di‐(2‐Ethylhexyl) Phosphoric Acid as a Carrier

“…Increasing the D2EHPA concentration would not result in an improvement in the extraction of zinc because the viscosities of both the membrane and emulsion have a tendency to increase for higher carrier concentrations. Larger globules would then be produced and the diffusivity of the complex would be lowered under such conditions, as is noted by other authors [23]. From these data, it is concluded that the zinc extraction is diffusion controlled, but copper extraction is controlled by the interfacial reactions.…”

Emulsion liquid membrane for heavy metal removal: An overview on emulsion stabilization and destabilization

“…In some studies of Sengupta and co-workers [16][17][18], d 32 are 3.424, 3.38, and 2.72 m, respectively, at emulsification speed of 12,000 rpm and time of 30 min. Whereas, Gameiro et al [19] and Reis and Carvalho [20] found that d 32 are 2.13 and 1 m, respectively, prepared at 7,000 rpm and 20 min emulsification.…”

“…This effect on extraction rate became significant in short contact times of about 15 min [18]. On the other hand, increase in emulsion viscosity affects the dispersion behaviour of the emulsion that causes a decline in the interfacial areas [17]. It was reported that increasing the concentration of extractant promoted the permeation swelling, which diluted the stripping solution.…”

Synthesis of nickel oxalate particles in the confined internal droplets of W/O emulsions and in systems without space confinement

“…The internal drop sizes of the emulsion were measured microscopically using Olympus microscope model BH-2 attached with an Olympus photo micrographic system model PM-10 AD at a magnification of 600×. The Sauter mean diameter was calculated for each case based on the measurement of more than 1000 droplet sizes as discussed in our earlier paper [17].…”