Process parameter influence on defects and tensile properties of friction stir welded T-joints on AA6061-T4 sheets

Cui, Lei; Yang, Xinqi; Xie, Yonghui; Hou, Xinbin; Song, Yi

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2013.04.013

Cited by 43 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, the joint binding rate is low, and a right angle tends to easily form at the connection between the base and rib plates, thereby leading to serious stress concentration [ 13 ]. Yang et al [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], classified defects in Al-alloy FSW T-joints as tunnel-type, weak-binding, and Z-line defects. In 2005, TWI proposed stationary shoulder friction welding (SSFSW) solid-phase joining technique [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stirring Pin Rotation Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2A14-T4 Alloy T-Joints Produced by Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Welding

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Materials

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In this study, 2A14-T4 Al-alloy T-joints were prepared via stationary shoulder friction stir welding (SSFSW) technology where the stirring pin’s rotation speed was set as different values. In combination with the numerical simulation results, the macro-forming, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the joints under different welding conditions were analyzed. The results show that the thermal cycle curves in the SSFSW process are featured by a steep climb and slow decreasing variation trends. As the stirring pin’s rotation speed increased, the grooves on the weld surface became more obvious. The base and rib plates exhibit W- or N-shaped hardness distribution patterns. The hardness of the weld nugget zone (WNZ) was high but was lower than that of the base material. The second weld’s annealing effect contributed to the precipitation and coarsening of the precipitated phase in the first weld nugget zone (WNZ1). The hardness of the heat affect zone (HAZ) in the vicinity of the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) dropped to the minimum. As the stirring pin's rotation speed increased, the tensile strengths of the base and rib plates first increased and then dropped. The base and rib plates exhibited ductile and brittle/ductile fracture patterns, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Stirring Pin Rotation Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2A14-T4 Alloy T-Joints Produced by Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Welding

Yang

Zhao

et al. 2021

Materials

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“…The defects such as tunnel, KB and zigzag lines are affected by tool geometry, geometry of mating surface (between rib or stringer and web or skin elements) and adequacy of clamping system. The size, orientation and distribution of various defects in T-joints have been investigated by some researchers [27][28][29][30]. Such defects commonly occur due to difficulty in ensuring effective material flow across the full stiffener width near the pin tip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apart from tunnelling and KB, other problems include hooking defect, lack of full bonding at the root corners etc. that are difficult to eliminate in T-joint [30]. Literature reveals that several works on FSW of T-joints mostly report material flow characteristics, and numerical modelling which mainly remain limited to similar alloy combinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defect formation during dissimilar aluminium friction stir welded T-joints

Ali

Anjum

Siddiquee

et al. 2020

Mechanics & Industry

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AA8011 remains one of the largest used aluminium alloys due to excellent ductility, corrosion resistance and sufficient strength in H14 conditions. The 5754, due to high strength and corrosion resistance finds key applications in marine, process industry, automobile and nuclear applications. A T-joint combination of the two alloys (when stronger forming is stiffeners) results in significant weight savings. The T-joint between 8011 and 5754 (with the latter forming the stringer) is highly prone to defect formation due to the stronger material being placed away from the heat source. In this paper, friction stir welding of AA5754 and AA8011 aluminium alloys in T-lap configuration is performed. Effects of processing parameters namely tool transverse speed, rotational speed and shoulder diameter on the weld properties are studied with the help of micro-hardness, macrostructure and microstructure analysis. Analysis of defects such as tunnel and kissing bond, and mechanism of defect formation is also discussed. Tunnel defect is observed on advancing side in all the samples, which is attributed to high heat flux on advancing side, insufficient material flow in the vertical direction and asymmetric flow of plasticized material from advancing side to retreating side. The size of the defect is found to increase with increase in shoulder diameter keeping the rotational speed constant. Kissing bond defect was also observed in some samples owing to the presence of oxide layer between the joining surfaces.

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“…The similar FSW T-joint have been performed from different aspects; they are exploring the influences of the welding parameters, welding tools on defect formation, mechanical properties, and residual stress distribution (Cui et al, 2012(Cui et al, , 2013Hou et al, 2014;Zhao et al, 2014;Jesus et al, 2018;Suna et al, 2019). However, the dissimilar metal FSW T-joint which have difference in both material properties and significant thickness has been still a limitation, especially when the thickness of stringer is much larger compared to skin plates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of welding parameters on mechanical properties of friction stir welded T-lap dissimilar metal joints between 7075 and 5083 aluminum alloys

Duong

Okazaki

Tran

2019

Mechanical Engineering Journal

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Dissimilar T-lap joint between aluminum alloy 7075-T651 and 5083-H116 was fabricated by friction stir welding. Special focus was paid to the defect formation and mechanical properties which were significantly affected by the welding parameters. The results showed that four typical types of defects were detected in the T-lap joint; tunnel, kissing bond, hook, and bonding line defects. The tunnel and bonding line defects could be avoidable by decreasing the welding rate. At low welding rate, however, the hook defect was formed and reduced the skin effective thickness. The kissing bond defect was too hard to be eliminated by using one welding pass only by changing the welding parameters. Among these defects, the hook defect played the important role in the mechanical properties of T-lap joint. It is a special finding that there was the optimum welding rate by which the maximum joint efficiency was attained. These findings were summarized into the table and map which can optimize the joint properties.

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Process parameter influence on defects and tensile properties of friction stir welded T-joints on AA6061-T4 sheets

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Effect of Stirring Pin Rotation Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2A14-T4 Alloy T-Joints Produced by Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Welding

Effect of Stirring Pin Rotation Speed on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 2A14-T4 Alloy T-Joints Produced by Stationary Shoulder Friction Stir Welding

Defect formation during dissimilar aluminium friction stir welded T-joints

Effect of welding parameters on mechanical properties of friction stir welded T-lap dissimilar metal joints between 7075 and 5083 aluminum alloys

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