Process-reactive schizophrenia and genetic levels of perception.

Imagery and Visual Expression in Therapy

“…Schizophrenic disorders by definition are of longer duration than six months (DSM 111-R) (American Psychiatric Association, 1987). Most of the references here use the older classifications of reactive and process schizophrenia (Fine & Zimet, 1959). In the present work the terms schizophreniform and schizophrenic disorders are used referring to reactive and process schizophrenia respectively, unless specified otherwise.…”

The problem of attention in research and theory in schizophrenia.

“…Process-Reactive Distinction. A second major categorization of schizophrenic patients is based primarily upon developmental and prognostic factors (Becker, 1956;Fine & Zimet, 1959;Garmezy & Rodnick, 1959;Kantor, Wallner, & Winder, 1953). Many laboratory experiments indicate such clarification reduces performance variability between experimental groups and yields signficant differences between the two groups of schizophrenics (e.g., Garmezy & Rodnick, 1959;Herron, 1962;Rodnick & Garmezy, 1957).…”

Levels of personality organization and production of associative sequences in process-reactive schizophrenia.

“…Friedman (1953), Hemmendinger (1953), andSiegel (1953) had already developed a genetic level (GL) scoring system for the Rorschach based on Werner's theories and Becker, using their method, found a significant correlation between the GL scores and 1 A preliminary version of this paper was read at the New York State Department of Mental Hygiene Interhospital Conference in Syracuse, New York on April 4, 1963. scores on the process-reactive dimension for male and female schizophrenics. Fine and Zimet (1959), using a similar scoring system, also found significant differences in Rorschach scores between process and reactive groups. In addition, Becker used the same theoretical framework to devise a developmental scoring system for Benjamin's (1946) Proverbs test and found that this measure was significantly related to processreactive scores for males.…”