Processed cashew shell waste as fuel supplement for heat generation

Mohod, A. G.; Khandetod, Y. P.; Powar, Ashok

doi:10.1016/s0973-0826(09)60009-0

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…The residual shell cake after the removal of the nut shell liquid is currently used as fuel in cashew processing factories, as well as in-shell liquid extraction plants (Nair 2010): its calorific value was found to be 17.8 MJ/kg, higher than sawdust and cow dung (Mohod et al 2008). However, its utilization is limited due to its loose form, which releases acidic fumes during combustion.…”

Section: Cashew Shell Cakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, a mixture of cashew shell cake with other waste materials was tested and was proven to be successful with sawdust, cow dung, and wheat flour in different proportions. It provided briquetted fuel with good energy density ratio, low water absorption properties, shatter, and durability indices, indicating good resistance to shock and so increasing the ease of handling and transportation (Mohod et al 2008). Therefore, the utilization of cashew shell cake as fuel is a promising option for enhancing the energetic selfreliance of cashew processing plants due to its wide availability and low cost.…”

Section: Cashew Shell Cakementioning

confidence: 99%

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Cashew, from seed to market: a review

Dendena

Corsi

2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

115

119

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International audienceCashew is a tropical tree native to South America. Cashew was introduced in Asia and Africa by European explorers in the sixteenth century. The world production of cashew raw nuts reached 4.27 million tons in 2011. Vietnam is the top producer of raw nuts, and India is the first processor and exporter of processed nuts. The cashew market is expected to remain strong due to the high growth of production in some areas such as West Africa. For instance, a 40 % production increase has been observed in Nigeria over the last 5 years. There is also an increasing exploitation of high-value by-products, particularly those made of cashew nut shell liquid. Cashew production is potentially a major value for smallholder farmers from emerging countries. Despite the relevance of cashew production on the international markets and the potential for boosting rural development and reducing poverty, a complete review on cashew is missing. Therefore, we review here the cashew production chain. Our main conclusions are as follows: (1) several management practices, processing methods, and uses of products and by-products are published; (2) however, there is still a lack of knowledge due to a scattered research framework lacking integrated research programs; (3) smallholder farmers face major constraints limiting the development of cashew sector locally, ranging from difficult access to good planting material and training to lack of investment for innovating processing facilities; (4) among them, women, that account for up to 95 % of the workforce in the sector, receive lower wages and are subject to worse working conditions

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Section: Cashew Shell Cakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cashew Shell Cakementioning

confidence: 99%

Cashew, from seed to market: a review

Dendena

Corsi

2014

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

115

119

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Combustion efficiency is low with high smoke emission, and process control can be limited. Alternative utilization method is therefore needed (Bridgwater, 2003;Mohod et al, 2008). Gasification is viewed to be a suitable conversion technology for the biomass residues available that offers high thermal efficiency and environmental acceptability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gasification of cashew nut shells for thermal application in local food processing factory

Tippayawong

Chaichana

Promwangkwa

et al. 2011

Energy for Sustainable Development

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“…The demand of cashew nut shell oil was found to be 10,000 tonnes. The expected growth pace in demand is 7%-8% per annum (Mohod et al 2008). Fatty acid composition of biodiesel is shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Cashew Nut Shell Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chemical composition of these biofuels should also be studied in order to use them as a prospective alternate fuel for future application in engines and combustors. The recent scenario suggests that about 88% of the global energy consumption is from fossil fuels (Mohod et al 2008(Mohod et al , 2011. On the other hand, fossil reserves are predicted to become depleted in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission and performance analysis of a diesel engine burning cashew nut shell oil bio diesel mixed with hexanol

Munuswamy²,

et al. 2018

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In this study, the effect of doping hexanol into biodiesel which is from neat cashew nut shell biodiesel oil on the emissions and the performance characteristics was studied in a constant speed diesel engine. The main purpose of this work is to reduce various emissions and also to improve the performance of the diesel engine when fueled with blends of hexanol and neat cashew nut shell biodiesel. Cashew nut shell oil is not edible, and hence it can be used as a viable alternative to diesel. Cashew nut shell biodiesel is prepared by conventional transesterification. Hexanol with 99.2% purity was employed as an oxygenated additive. Experimental studies were conducted by fueling diesel as a baseline and by fueling hexanol and neat cashew nut shell biodiesel mixture. A fuel comprising 10% (by volume) of hexanol and 90% (by volume) neat cashew nut shell biodiesel was referred to as CNSBD900H100 and fuel comprising 20% (by volume) of hexanol and 80% (by volume) of neat cashew nut shell biodiesel was referred to as CNSBD800H200. This study also investigated the possibility of using pure biofuel in an unmodified naturally aspirated diesel engine. The outcome of this study showed that adding hexanol at 10% and 20% (by volume) to cashew nut shell biodiesel results in a reduction in emissions. In addition, a significant improvement in brake thermal efficiency and reduction in brake-specific fuel consumptions were achieved. Hence, it could be concluded that hexanol could be a viable and promising additive for improving the drawbacks of biodiesel when it was used to fuel an unmodified diesel engine.

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Processed cashew shell waste as fuel supplement for heat generation

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Cashew, from seed to market: a review

Cashew, from seed to market: a review

Gasification of cashew nut shells for thermal application in local food processing factory

Emission and performance analysis of a diesel engine burning cashew nut shell oil bio diesel mixed with hexanol

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