Processes leading to a spatial aggregation of Echinococcus multilocularis in its natural intermediate host Microtus arvalis

Hansen, Frank; Jeltsch, Florian; Tackmann, Kirsten; Staubach, Christoph; Thulke, Hans‐Hermann

doi:10.1016/j.ijpara.2003.10.003

Cited by 49 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…To our knowledge, this is the first field evidence of the spatial clustering of both intermediate hosts and potentially contaminative material on a local range and on a fine grain. This may help to better understand processes leading to the spatial aggregative patterns of prevalence observed in definitive and intermediate E. multilocularis hosts (Raoul et al, 2001b;Staubach et al, 2001;Giraudoux et al, 2002;Hansen et al, 2004;Van der Giessen et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because it is known that elevated temperature and desiccation can effectively reduce eggs infectivity (Veit et al, 1995), microclimate factors linked with habitat should be taken into account (Hansen et al, 2004). On the one hand, high vegetation in mediumheight vegetation edges and hedges may dampen the effects of hot temperatures and desiccation in summer, allowing a better egg survival.…”

Section: Habitats and Parasite Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fox faeces and vole distribution on a local range: ecological data in a parasitological perspective forEchinococcus multilocularis

2007

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Summary :The completion of the life cycle of Echinococcus multilocularis needs a spatial overlap between intermediate host species (voles) and definitive host (fox) faeces. Factors influencing the importance of this overlap were investigated in north eastern France. Kilometric transects were walked to collect fox faeces and to estimate vole relative densities through surface indices. Habitat and climatic conditions were the strongest predictors of the number of faeces collected, while vole densities had no predictive power. Densities of both Microtus sp. and fox faeces were higher in medium-height vegetation edge. The consequences of such results to understand local transmission processes and human exposure are discussed. Résumé : DISTRIBUTION SPATIALE DES FÈCES DE RENARD ET DES

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Habitats and Parasite Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fox faeces and vole distribution on a local range: ecological data in a parasitological perspective forEchinococcus multilocularis

2007

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“…However, it has to be considered that the role of these hosts depends not only on their infection rates, but also on the fertility of the larval stages and on the extent by which they are predated by definitive hosts. Moreover, the distribution and abundance of intermediate hosts are likewise expected to be key factors for the establishment and maintenance of the life cycle in a given habitat (Giraudoux et al 2003;Hansen et al 2004;Guislain et al 2008;Raoul et al 2010). The distribution of rodent species is mainly shaped by the availability of suitable habitats and by climatic factors (Giraudoux et al 2003(Giraudoux et al , 2013b as well as by postglacial range expansion (Braaker and Heckel, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability of the southern European border ofEchinococcus multilocularisin the Alps: evidence thatMicrotus arvalisis a limiting factor

Guerra

Hegglin

Bacciarini³

et al. 2014

Parasitology

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S U M M A R YThe known range of the zoonotic fox tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis has expanded since the 1990s, and today this parasite is recorded in higher abundances throughout large parts of Europe. This phenomenon is mostly attributed to the increasing European fox populations and their invasion of urban habitats. However, these factors alone are insufficient to explain the heterogeneous distribution of the parasite in Europe. Here, we analysed the spatial interrelationship of E. multilocularis with the known distribution of seven vole species in Ticino, southern Switzerland. Among 404 necropsied foxes (1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006) and 79 fox faecal samples (2010-2012), E. multilocularis was consistently found in the north of the investigated area. No expansion of this endemic focus was recorded during the 22 years of the study period. This stable endemic focus is coincident with the known distribution of the vole species Microtus arvalis but not, or only partly, with the distribution of the other autochthonous vole species. Our results give evidence that this vole species plays a crucial role in the maintenance of the parasite's life cycle and that its absence could be a limiting factor for the spread of E. multilocularis in this region.

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“…The landscape pattern favourable for intermediate hosts, together with humid conditions and low temperatures that facilitate the survival of eggs, represent key factors needful for existence of E. multilocularis hyperendemic localities. Hansen et al (2004) observed the correlation between the occurrence of infected intermediate hosts and conditions optimal for eggs survival. The population density of small mammals in natural conditions is not equal and their home range often covers only few square meters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…This phenomenon leads to constant re-infection of foxes and, consequently, to more rodents being infected within the home-range of infected foxes. It is also possible that infected intermediate hosts are more exposed to predation because the growing metacestode destroys their liver tissue, reducing their mobility (Hansen et al, 2004). In case of similar course of disease and pregnancy in outbred mice and wild rodents we can suppose that increased weight of metacestode tissues in pregnant animals reduces their mobility and facilitates their catch by predators, contributing to permanent reinfection of definitive host, especially in hyperendemic localities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The course of Echinococcus multilocularis infection and pregnancy in mice model

Antolová

Reiterová

2011

Helminthologia

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SummaryParasitic infection during pregnancy can affect the course of pregnancy, complicate the foeto-maternal relationship and increase abortion rate. The work was aimed to study the course of E. multilocularis secondary infection and reproductive parameters in infected mice. The Balb/c mice were bred in the exponential phase of the metacestode growth, after infection with two different doses (0.5 ml or 1.25 ml) of metacestode material. In comparison to uninfected control group, the effect of infection on reproductive parameters (natality, size of litters) and the course of disease during pregnancy and after the delivery were monitored. The weight of E. multilocularis larval stages was higher in both fertilised groups in comparison to unfertilised control. The number of deliveries and litter counts were similar in both, infected and uninfected mice. Present study confirmed only minor impact of alveolar echinococcosis on the reproduction of rodents, intermediate hosts of parasite.

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Processes leading to a spatial aggregation of Echinococcus multilocularis in its natural intermediate host Microtus arvalis

Cited by 49 publications

References 29 publications

Fox faeces and vole distribution on a local range: ecological data in a parasitological perspective forEchinococcus multilocularis

Fox faeces and vole distribution on a local range: ecological data in a parasitological perspective forEchinococcus multilocularis

Stability of the southern European border ofEchinococcus multilocularisin the Alps: evidence thatMicrotus arvalisis a limiting factor

The course of Echinococcus multilocularis infection and pregnancy in mice model

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