Processing of polypropylene ‐ clay hybrids

Boucard, Sylvain; Duchet, Jannick; Gérard, Jean‐François; Patrick, Prele; Gonzalez, Serge

doi:10.1002/masy.200390089

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…at low shear rate or frequency), the ''original'' dispersion of the organoclay (being exfoliated/intercalated) could be observed through its effect on the rheological behaviour. According to Boucard et al, [20] at low shear rates, the silicate platelets of high aspect ratio are well separated and this strongly increases the viscosity of the melt. On the other hand, at higher shear rates the platelets are oriented in the flow direction, which consequently leads to a reduction in the viscosity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Rheological Properties of Polyamide 6/Poly(propylene)/Organoclay Nanocomposites

Chow

Ishak

Karger‐Kocsis

2005

Macro Materials & Eng

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Summary: Polyamide 6 (PA6)/Poly(propylene) (PP)/organoclay (octadecylamine intercalated montmorillonite) systems with and without compatibilizer (maleated poly(propylene) and ethylene/propylene‐based rubber (PPgMA and EPRgMA, respectively)) were produced by extrusion melt blending and the clay dispersion was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The rheological behaviour of the nanocomposites was determined by various methods, viz melt flow index (MFI), capillary and plate/plate rheological measurements. Attempts were made to trace the rheological parameters that reliably reflect the observed changes in the clay dispersion. It was found that some parameters in the viscoelastic range derived from frequency sweep measurements using a plate/plate rheometer are a suitable indicator for changes in the clay dispersion. High initial viscosity with a strong reduction as a function of frequency was attributed to improved clay exfoliation. The latter was also reflected by a high initial shear storage modulus (G′) along with its small change with the frequency.Variation of the storage modulus (G′) as a function of frequency for the PA6/PP nanocomposites. Note: this figure also indicates how the slopes at low and high shear rates were determined.imageVariation of the storage modulus (G′) as a function of frequency for the PA6/PP nanocomposites. Note: this figure also indicates how the slopes at low and high shear rates were determined.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and Rheological Properties of Polyamide 6/Poly(propylene)/Organoclay Nanocomposites

Chow

Ishak

Karger‐Kocsis

2005

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…However, the slope values of η * for PA6/OMMT at 1 rad/s and 100 rad/s is -0.46 and -0.29, respectively. According to Boucard et al [18], at low shear rates, the silicate platelets of high aspect ratio are well separated and this strongly increases the viscosity of the melt. On the other hand, at higher shear rates the platelets are oriented in the flow direction which consequently leads to a reduction in the viscosity.…”

Section: Rheological Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The beam was focused perpendicular to the surface of the specimens. The overall ion dose was 1.9·10 18 Ar + /cm 2 . The surface profile was scanned by AFM (MultiModeTM Scanning Probe Microscope, Digital Instruments) in tapping mode and the related topography image captured.…”

Section: Atomic Force Microscopy (Afm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical, morphological and rheological properties of polyamide 6/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites

Chow¹,

Ishak²

2007

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Polyamide (PA6) nanocomposites containing 4 wt% organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) were melt-compounded followed by injection molding. The mechanical properties of the PA6/OMMT nanocomposites were studied through tensile and flexural tests. The rheological behaviour of the nanocomposites was determined by plate/plate rheological measurements. Attempts were made to trace the rheological parameters that reliably reflect the observed changes in the clay dispersion. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the exfoliation and dispersion of the OMMT in the PA6 matrix. The thermal properties of PA6/OMMT nanocomposite were characterized by Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA). The tensile modulus and strength of the PA6 was increased in the presence of OMMT. The flexural strength of PA6/OMMT was approximately doubled compared to the tensile strength value. The significant enhancement of both tensile and flexural strength was attributed to the delaminated clay formation. XRD and AFM results revealed the formation of PA6 nanocomposites as the OMMT was successfully exfoliated.

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“…The incorporation of both clays enhances melt viscosity of the composites. This is due to well-separated high-aspect ratio of silicate platelets increase the viscosity of the melt [32]. The increment of melt Indian Journal of Materials Science viscosity been assigned to the expansion and delamination of clay layers and structure formation between the layers due to strong hydrogen bond interaction at the edge to edge and edge to face contacts which restrict the movement of polymer chain [33].…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tgamentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polycaprolactone Blends by Hydrophilic Nanoclay

Eng

Ibrahim

Zainuddin

et al. 2013

Indian Journal of Materials Science

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The effects of hydrophilic nanoclay, Nanomer PGV, on mechanical properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA)/Polycaprolactone (PCL) blends were investigated and compared with hydrophobic clay, Montmorillonite K10. The PLA/PCL/clay composites were prepared by melt intercalation technique and the composites were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). FTIR spectra indicated that formation of hydrogen bond between hydrophilic clay with the matrix. XRD results show that shifting of basal spacing when clay incorporated into polymer matrix. TEM micrographs reveal the formation of agglomerate in the composites. Based on mechanical properties results, addition of clay Nanomer PGV significantly enhances the flexibility of PLA/PCL blends about 136.26%. TGA showed that the presence of clay improve thermal stability of blends. DMA show the addition of clay increase storage modulus and the presence of clay Nanomer PGV slightly shift two of blends become closer suggest that the presence of clay slightly compatibilizer the PLA/PCL blends. SEM micrographs revealed that presence of Nanomer PGV in blends influence the miscibility of the blends. The PLA/PCL blends become more homogeneous and consist of single phase morphology.

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Processing of polypropylene ‐ clay hybrids

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Morphological and Rheological Properties of Polyamide 6/Poly(propylene)/Organoclay Nanocomposites

Morphological and Rheological Properties of Polyamide 6/Poly(propylene)/Organoclay Nanocomposites

Mechanical, morphological and rheological properties of polyamide 6/organo-montmorillonite nanocomposites

Enhancement of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polycaprolactone Blends by Hydrophilic Nanoclay

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