Processing Strategies for an Organic Photovoltaic Module with over 10% Efficiency

Abstract

A large-area module (active area > 20 cm 2 ) with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.4% (certified at 10.1%) using a non-fullerene blend was demonstrated, which is by far the highest PCE reported to date. The same module also delivers a power of 40 mW/cm 2 (PCE 22%) under indoor lighting. Equally important, PCEs of 12%-14% were achieved for blends processed in ambient and/or without halogenated solvent.

Highly Efficient Nonfullerene Organic Photovoltaic Devices with 10% Power Conversion Efficiency Enabled by a Fine‐Tuned and Solution‐Processed Hole‐Transporting Layer

“…A more serious case is also observed in the TPD‐3F:IT‐4F system. [ 38 ] Based on the devices using MoO 3 as the HTL, the TPD‐3F:IT‐4F system reached a PCE of 13.6%, a V OC of 0.91 V, a J SC of 20.4 mA cm −2 , and an FF of 73.4%. Interestingly, the HOMO of TPD‐3F is rather deep, −5.62 eV, and far from the WF of PEDOT:PSS, ≈−5.0 eV.…”

“…Carefully adjusting the energy‐level matching and interface characteristics may further improve the PCE of OPV devices. [ 36 ] In this work, two donor polymers, poly[(2,6‐(4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)‐benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene))‐alt‐(5,5‐(1′,3′‐di‐2‐thienyl‐5′,7′‐bis(2‐ethylhexyl)benzo[1′,2′‐c:4′,5′‐c′]dithiophene‐4,8‐dione)] (PBDB‐T) [ 37 ] and poly[(2,6‐(4,8‐bis(4‐fluoro‐5‐(2‐hexyldecyl)thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene))‐alt‐(5,5‐(5‐octyl‐1,3‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐4H‐thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6(5H)‐dione)] (TPD‐3F), [ 38 ] were systematically studied in the inverted device architecture and mixed with a typical NFA, 3,9‐bis(2‐methylene‐((3‐(1,1‐dicyanomethylene)‐6,7‐difluoro)‐indanone))‐5,5,11,11‐tetrakis(4‐hexylphenyl)‐dithieno[2,3‐d:2′,3′‐d′]‐s‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b′]dithiophene (IT‐4F), [ 39 ] which was used as a BHJ layer. The detailed energy‐level diagram of each material in the device is shown in Figure .…”

Single-Component Non-halogen Solvent-Processed High-Performance Organic Solar Cell Module with Efficiency over 14%

“…However, only a few works were reported on non-halogen solvent-processed high-performance OSC modules, and the best PCE was 10.4% in literature. 15,17,27 In addition to aforementioned strategies, the side-chain engineering is also an effective method to control the nanoscale morphology of the active layer and improve the photovoltaic performance of OSCs. Many pioneer studies, thus, have been done on NFAs, including the side-chain engineering of the Y-series NFAs and the resulted effects on their solubility, crystallization, aggregation, packing, and orientation etc., 22,28,29 which were primarily focused on the small-area devices.…”

“…[7][8][9][10][11] Although encouraging results are obtained in small-area devices based on NFAs, the efficiencies of module devices still lag far behind. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] One of the major concerns in constructing large-area modules is the toxicity of processing solvents. Numerous high-performance spin-coated small-area devices were obtained by halogen solvents (e.g., chlorobenzene, chloroform, etc.)…”

An Alkoxy‐Solubilizing Decacyclic Electron Acceptor for Efficient Ecofriendly As‐Cast Blade‐Coated Organic Solar Cells

“…Hou and coworkers synthesized BTP‐4F‐12, combining it with the polymer donor T1; the bladed devices with tetrahydrofuran as the processing solvent showed the best PCE of over 14% . However, very few new materials with high solubilities in green solvents were designed to meet ecofriendly scalable fabrication methods, and transition from the existing cutting‐edge performance of OSCs to ecofriendly blade‐coated devices is still a challenge …”