Production and establishment techniques for the restoration of Nothofagus alessandrii, an endangered keystone species in a Mediterranean forest

Acevedo, Manuel; Alvarez, Carolina; Cartes, Eduardo; Dumroese, R. Kasten; González, Marta

doi:10.1007/s11056-019-09724-x

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The heights and diameters obtained are superior to those obtained in other studies. For example, Acevedo et al [ 21 ] examined the effect of different doses of nitrogen fertilization and two container sizes on the cultivation of N. alessandrii plants in a nursery. The aforementioned authors obtained heights ranging from 15.4 to 54.3 cm and diameters ranging from 3.84 to 5.51 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The currently available background on the cultivation of N. alessandrii plants is limited and shows variable results [ 18 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. A method of increasing worldwide importance in nursery plant production is mycorrhization, which has been shown to increase plant growth and improve plant performance when transplanted to the field [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Looking at fertilization and its effects, N. alessandrii plants of different quality have been shown to be produced with slow delivery fertilizers at the doses suggested by their manufacturer [ 22 , 23 ]. In another study, Acevedo et al [ 21 ] found that fertilization with N doses of 200 mg N L −1 was sufficient. On the other hand, higher concentrations of N (400 and 600 mg N L −1 ) led to a luxury consumption that did not produce a higher survival rate at the planting site.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, higher concentrations of N (400 and 600 mg N L −1 ) led to a luxury consumption that did not produce a higher survival rate at the planting site. Fertilization directly affects plant growth, improving rooting ability at transplanting, and increasing resistance to drought stress, low temperatures, and diseases [ 21 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Different studies have shown positive correlations between fertilization, plant size, and survival in the field, suggesting that the nutritional state might largely explain the success of plantation establishment [ 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Early Effects of Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculum and Fertilizer on Morphological and Physiological Variables of Nursery-Grown Nothofagus alessandrii Plants

Cabrera-Ariza

Silva-Flores

González-Ortega³

et al. 2023

Plants

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Nothofagus alessandrii (ruil) is an endangered relict species, endemic to the Mediterranean area of Chile, and one of the most threatened trees in the country. Its natural distribution area has been greatly reduced by the effect of human activities; the remaining fragments are mostly intervened and highly deteriorated as a habitat and refuge for the associated biodiversity. In order to produce healthy and resistant nursery plants for recovery and restoration of N. alessandrii forests, this study evaluates the early effects of mycorrhizal fungal inoculum (MFI) combined with fertilization on the cultivation of seedlings. The experiment was established under a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of the mycorrhizal factors (M0 = without mycorrhizal, M1 = Thelephora sp. and M2 = Hebeloma sp.) and fertilization (F1 = standard fertilization and F2 = intensive fertilization), with three replicates of each combination, for each type of plant (P1 = plants from one season and P2 = plants from two seasons). Each experimental unit corresponded to a group of 20 plants, with 720 plants in the test. The results indicate that application of fertilizer and MFI significantly affects some growth and photosynthesis parameters of ruil plants in one and two seasons. The morphological parameters obtained in the study show shoot height values ranging between 67 and 91 cm for P1 and between 96 and 111 cm for P2; while, for shoot diameter, values ranged between 7.91 and 8.24 mm for P1 and between 10.91 and 11.49 mm for P2. Although formation of fully developed mycorrhizal roots was not observed during the assay period, we conclude that inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi combined with fertilization could be an efficient strategy to produce a quality plant, in addition to maintaining a high photosynthetic capacity and, therefore, a higher percentage of survival in the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Early Effects of Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculum and Fertilizer on Morphological and Physiological Variables of Nursery-Grown Nothofagus alessandrii Plants

Cabrera-Ariza

Silva-Flores

González-Ortega³

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…It is even one of the momentous reasons that lead to the scarcity of rare plants and sporadic distribution in fragile and limited habitats, and finally, face extinction risks [ 2 , 3 ]. Simultaneously, for difficult-to-root rare plants with higher-value uses in essential oil and structural wood production, low transplant survival rate and poor seedling quality are incredibly detrimental to the survival and growth of plants, as well as forest production and cultivation [ 4 ]. In addition, roots growing in natural or cultivated soil for a long time are easily affected by weather conditions and physical, chemical, and biological processes related to soil, including the uneven distribution of nutrients, the action of horticultural additives or plant growth regulators, and microbial activities [ 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paclobutrazol Promotes Root Development of Difficult-to-Root Plants by Coordinating Auxin and Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathways in Phoebe bournei

Zhang

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Phoebe bournei is a rare and endangered plant endemic to China with higher-value uses in essential oil and structural wood production. Its seedlings are prone to death because of its undeveloped system. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) can improve root growth and development in certain plants, but its concentration effect and molecular mechanism remain unclear. Here, we studied the physiological and molecular mechanisms by which PBZ regulates root growth under different treatments. We found that, with moderate concentration treatment (MT), PBZ significantly increased the total root length (69.90%), root surface area (56.35%), and lateral root number (47.17%). IAA content was the highest at MT and was 3.83, 1.86, and 2.47 times greater than the control, low, and high-concentration treatments. In comparison, ABA content was the lowest and reduced by 63.89%, 30.84%, and 44.79%, respectively. The number of upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) induced at MT was more than that of down-regulated DEGs, which enriched 8022 DEGs in response to PBZ treatments. WGCNA showed that PBZ-responsive genes were significantly correlated with plant hormone content and involved in plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK signal pathway-plant pathways, which controls root growth. The hub genes are observably associated with auxin, abscisic acid syntheses, and signaling pathways, such as PINs, ABCBs, TARs, ARFs, LBDs, and PYLs. We constructed a model which showed PBZ treatments mediated the antagonism interaction of IAA and ABA to regulate the root growth in P. bournei. Our result provides new insights and molecular strategies for solving rare plants’ root growth problems.

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Trophic facilitation in forest restoration: Can Nothofagus trees use ectomycorrhizal fungi of the pioneer shrub Leptospermum?

Strawsine,

van Galen,

Lord

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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The benefits of plant‐to‐plant facilitation in ecological restoration are well recognized, yet the potential for indirect trophic facilitation remains understudied. Nothofagus (southern beech; Nothofagaceae) is an iconic southern hemisphere tree genus that is frequently the focus of ecological restoration efforts. One aspect of Nothofagus ecology that may limit restoration success is the availability of appropriate ectomycorrhizal fungi. It has been suggested that pioneer dual‐mycorrhizal hosts such as Leptospermum species (Myrtaceae) could facilitate Nothofagus establishment by providing fungal inoculum, but the capacity for Nothofagus to use Leptospermum ectomycorrhizal fungi is unknown. To investigate potential indirect facilitation, we conducted a common garden pot trial to determine if Nothofagus cliffortioides (mountain beech) can use symbionts from Leptospermum scoparium (mānuka) ectomycorrhizal communities. Nothofagus and Leptospermum seedlings were grown in monoculture and mixed pairs with reciprocal “home” and “away” soil fungal inoculum. ITS2 metabarcoding of eDNA from hyphal ingrowth bags revealed that Nothofagus and Leptospermum inoculum contained different ectomycorrhizal fungal communities, but that half of the common ectomycorrhizal taxa identified were found in both soil types, suggesting generalist fungi exist. Nothofagus was able to form associations with some fungal species originating from Leptospermum inoculum, however, probable spore contamination meant that the proportion of root colonization associated with those species was ambiguous. Root ectomycorrhizal colonization rates were positively associated with seedling biomass, and there was some evidence of a home soil inoculum advantage in Nothofagus, but these effects were minor. Additionally, we found evidence that home inoculum provides a protective advantage against drought stress for Leptospermum seedlings. Our results indicate the potential for using Leptospermum to promote Nothofagus establishment in restoration plantings and highlight the possible benefits of considering fungal mutualists in ecological restoration projects.

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Production and establishment techniques for the restoration of Nothofagus alessandrii, an endangered keystone species in a Mediterranean forest

Cited by 14 publications

References 85 publications

Early Effects of Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculum and Fertilizer on Morphological and Physiological Variables of Nursery-Grown Nothofagus alessandrii Plants

Early Effects of Mycorrhizal Fungal Inoculum and Fertilizer on Morphological and Physiological Variables of Nursery-Grown Nothofagus alessandrii Plants

Paclobutrazol Promotes Root Development of Difficult-to-Root Plants by Coordinating Auxin and Abscisic Acid Signaling Pathways in Phoebe bournei

Trophic facilitation in forest restoration: Can Nothofagus trees use ectomycorrhizal fungi of the pioneer shrub Leptospermum?

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