Production and Identification of a Tetraploid Germplasm of Edible Lilium davidii var. unicolor Salisb via Chromosome Doubling

Abstract

<jats:p><jats:italic>Lilium davidii</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>unicolor</jats:italic> Salisb is a cultivar of <jats:italic>Lilium</jats:italic> (Liliaceae) with important edible and ornamental characteristic. The application and production of <jats:italic>Lilium davidii</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>unicolor</jats:italic> Salisb were still facing large problems because of its several disadvantages such as narrow range of adaptability, small annual growth increment, and low fertility. To achieve broader environmental adaptability and obtain a more nutritious germplasm, we used colchicine and oryzalin to induce chromosome doubling via the soaking method. Tissue culture bulbs were treated with colchicine at 0.03%, 0.05%, or 0.08% for 32, 40, or 48 hours or with oryzalin at 0.002%, 0.005%, 0.008%, or 0.01% for 3, 6, 9, 12, or 24 hours before being transferred to a differentiating medium. The results showed that colchicine treatment resulted in the highest induction rate when applied at 0.05% for 48 hours, whereas oryzalin treatment produced fewer tetraploid plants. The chromosome number of induced plants with small stoma density and longer guard cells is twice than that of the diploid. The plants were identified as tetraploid. In this study, a new germplasm of <jats:italic>Lilium davidii</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>unicolor</jats:italic> Salisb was innovative and showed novel genetic characteristic.</jats:p>

Assessment of the cytogenetics and leaf anatomy of synthetic polyploids of Eucalyptus clones

“…This distinction in stomata size between diploid and polyploid genotypes was similar to results reported for E. polybractea (Fernando et al 2019), in which the mean stomatal diameter was larger in tetraploids than in diploids. Both studies confirm that stomatal analysis can be used indirectly to identify ploidy levels in Eucalyptus, which has also been shown for other plants (Omidbaigi et al 2012, Feng et al 2017, Chaves et al 2018.…”

Research Progress of Chromosome Doubling and 2n Gametes of Ornamental Plants

“…It has been reported that the most successful transformation of Cymbidium hybridum protocorms at 5 days of induction with 0.05% colchicine was 23.7%, and the success rate of transformation of young Cymbidium hybridum shoots at 0.05% colchicine for 24 h was 97% [55,56]. Feng et al [57] induced diploid Lilium davidii var. unicolor bulbs with 0.05% colchicine for 48 h and finally succeeded in inducing 33.3% of tetraploids.…”

“…The most direct and basic method of polyploid identification is morphological identification, and preliminary plant ploidy identification can be performed according to plant size; leaf size, thickness, color, etc. ; size and density of stomata and guard cells in the upper and lower epidermis of leaves; pollen grain size; and other characteristics [57,102,103]. Generally, polyploids have larger plants, leaves, flowers, and fruits than diploids.…”

“…Research has reported that tetraploid gerberas have larger stomata, wider and thicker leaves, larger corollas, and longer petals than diploids [104]. Feng et al [57] observed the tetraploid Lilium davidii var. unicolor and found that the tetraploid had larger bulbs, leaves, and stomata, but lower stomatal density relative to the diploid.…”