Production and optimization of novel Sphorolipids from Candida parapsilosis grown on potato peel and frying oil wastes and their adverse effect on Mucorales fungal strains

Abstract

Brief introduction Mucormycosis disease, which has recently expanded with the Covid 19 pandemic in many countries, endangers patients' lives, and treatment with common drugs is fraught with unfavorable side effects. Aim and objectives This study deals with the economic production of sophorolipids (SLs) from different eight fungal isolates strains utilizing potato peels waste (PPW) and frying oil waste (FOW). Then investigate their effect against mucormycetes fungi. Results The screening of the isolates for SLs production revealed the highest yield (39 g/100 g substrate) with most efficiency was related to a yeast that have been identified genetically as Candida parapsilosis. Moreover, the characterizations studies of the produced SLs by FTIR, 1H NMR and LC–MS/MS proved the existence of both acidic and lactonic forms, while their surface activity was confirmed by the surface tension (ST) assessment. The SLs production was optimized utilizing Box-Behnken design resulting in the amelioration of yield by 30% (55.3 g/100 g substrate) and ST by 20.8% (38mN/m) with constant level of the critical micelle concentration (CMC) at 125 mg/L. The studies also revealed the high affinity toward soybean oil (E24 = 50%), in addition to maintaining the emulsions stability against broad range of pH (4–10) and temperature (10–100℃). Furthermore, the antifungal activity against Mucor racemosus, Rhizopus microsporus, and Syncephalastrum racemosum proved a high inhibition efficiency of the produced SLs. Conclusion The findings demonstrated the potential application of the SLs produced economically from agricultural waste as an effective and safer alternative for the treatment of infection caused by black fungus.

Carbon and nitrogen optimization in solid-state fermentation for sustainable sophorolipid production using industrial waste

“…Diacetylated lactonic C18:1 was quantified following the method proposed by Ingham et al (2023) with some modifications. The SL crude extract was diluted in ethanol (10 g L -1 ), heated at 60 °C for 15 min to dissolve the lactonic SL, and filtered using a 0.22-µm membrane before analysis.…”

Production and optimization of surfactin produced from locally isolated Bacillus halotolerans grown on agro-industrial wastes and its antimicrobial efficiency

“…Therefore, POW (carbon source) and FOW (inducer source) were utilized as a main culture medium for cultivation of bacterial isolates. Moistened of the culture medium using the PPW filtrate supplemented with trace elements was performed and the inoculated culture medium was incubated at 37 o C for 5 days under static conditions [ 6 ]. The capabilities of the bacterial isolates to secrete surfactin in the culture medium were assessed based on the oil displacement method (will be described later).…”

“…Since, synthetic medium used for production does not agree with the requirements of the industrial sector, due to its high cost, in addition to the challenge of acquiring medium components in significant quantities, and the environmental pollution caused by these chemicals [ 4 ]. Furthermore, the isolation of robust local strains also has an important impact on the reduction of production costs [ 6 ]. Therefore, alternative sources for the cultural media used as substrates regarding microbial surfactin production are considered potent trends in recent decades.…”

“…Accordingly, a large amount of potato peel waste (PPW) produced by plant-based food manufacturing is currently causing big environmental pollution. Around 69.5% of total produced potatoes are involved in industrial processes in developed countries, therefore, huge quantities resulted from the potato industries ranging from 15 to 40% of the product mass [ 6 , 7 ]. The negative impact of the PPW has been treated by the improvement of management that led to an integrated recycling platform which able to benefit from these byproducts [ 7 ].…”

“…Numerous researchers and industries have made a great effort to create fermentation industries utilizing agricultural wastes [ 9 ]. In this context, an association of PPW with FOW for the production of economic surface-active compounds was promising, as these waste combinations have extensively encouraged the microbial strain for the production of biosurfactants [ 6 ].…”