Production and quality of Anacardium othonianum Rizz. seedlings grown in different substrates

Abstract

-This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrate on growth, emergence, nutrition, and quality of Anacardium othonianum Rizz. (cerrado cashew tree) seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory on the Rio Verde campus. The following substrates were used: 1) Bioplant ® , 2) Mecplant ® (MP) + carbonized rice husk (CRH) (7:3), 3) fine-grained vermiculite (FGV), 4) FGV+CRH (3:1), 5) FGV+CRH (1:1), 6) FGV+CRH (1:3), and 7) sugarcane bagasse (SB) + sugarcane mill filter cake (FC) (3:2). Emerged seedlings were counted at 2-day intervals for 38 days following emergence of the first seedling. At 39, 64, and 89 days after seeding (DAS), the following variables were measured: stem length (SL), stem diameter (SD), and number of leaves (NL). Accumulated dry weight, quality indices, and leaf macro-and micronutrient levels were determined at 89 DAS. Plants grown in the FGV and FGV+CFH (1:3) substrates had shorter stem lengths than the plants grown in other substrates. Increases in seedling growth were smaller between 64 and 89 DAS compared to the initial period of the experiment. The highest leaf N concentrations were found in the SB+FC substrate treatment group; P and K concentrations were higher for the MP+CRH (7:3), SB+FC, and Bioplant ® treatments; and Ca levels were higher for the SB+FC and MP+CRH (7:3) substrate treatments. The MP+CRH (7:3) substrate treatment group had the highest leaf B and Mn micronutrient concentrations, and plants from the Bioplant ® substrate group had the highest leaf B micronutrient content. Mg, S, Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations did not differ among the different substrates. The plant traits that differed most among the treatments included stem length for the FGV and FGV+CRH (1:3) substrate groups and leaf nutrient concentrations, which were higher for the SB+FC group followed by the MP+CRH and Bioplant ® treatments.

Production of Pouteria gardneriana (A. DC.) Radlk. seedlings on different substrates

“…The only substrate that had an AW within the optimal range of 0.24 to 0.40 m 3 m -3 according to Liz and Carrijo (2008) was FV+SB+DCS, whereas the other substrates had lower values, which may compromise their water availability. TP values are similar to those reported by Dornelles et al (2014) already AW of this study is intermediate to found by Dornelles et al (2014), except the FV + SB + DCS which was superior.…”

“…In addition, both PES and ESI were not correlated with available water. According to Nogueira et al (2003) and Dornelles et al (2014), to promote germination and emergence of a seedling, the substrate should exhibit a porosity that provides aeration and moisture for the seed, thereby providing water and oxygen for metabolism, given that a seedling does not require nutrients to germinate or emerge.…”

“…Quality indicators for seedlings include a balance between growth and development, physiological quality and hardiness, which are defined using ratios and indices that consider the balance between the weight of the root system and plant shoot and the degree of etiolation. Substrate quality is one of the main factors that influence seedling quality (Ferraz et al, 2005;Dornelles et al, 2014).…”

CRESCIMENTO, NUTRIÇÃO E QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE Pouteria garderiana (A. DC.) RADLK. PRODUZIDAS EM SUBSTRATOS ORGÂNICOS

“…In this study, the highest value (0.50) was obtained by SB+CM substrate, which however differed just of the SB+CC (0.31). Studying the development of Cerrado cashew tree seedlings in substrates with different proportions of fine-grained vermiculite + carbonized rice husk, sugarcane bagasse + sugarcane mill filter cake and substrates commercials, it was found an IQD between 0.34 and 0.48 (DORNELLES et al, 2014), values similar to verified this study. The DQI is considered a promising integrated measure of morphological traits and thought to be a good indicator of seedling quality as its calculation computes robustness and biomass distribution while considering several important parameters (FONSECA et al, 2002).…”

Parameters of Physiology, Nutrition and Quality of Eugenia dysenterica DC Seedlings Grown in Organic Substrates from the Agricultural Industry

“…To obtain these characteristics is often necessary mix two or more components, which together will form a suitable substrate for seedlings formation (Araújo Neto et al, 2009). Dornelles et al (2014) studied the development of Anacardium othonianum Rizz seedlings (Cerrado cashew tree) in substrates formulated with Mecplant® (MP) + carbonized rice husk (CRH) in 7:1 (v:v proportion), fine-grained vermiculite (FGV), FGV+CRH (3:1), FGV+CRH (1:1), FGV+CRH (1:3), and sugarcane bagasse (SB) + sugarcane mill filter cake (FC) (3:2). They verified that the substrate SB+FC (3: 2) promoted the best nutrition for plants.…”