Production and separation of 99mTc from cyclotron irradiated 100/naturalMo targets: a new automated module for separation of 99mTc from molybdenum targets

95g Tc and 96g Tc as alternatives to medical radioisotope 99m Tc

“…After the proton beam irradiation, the generated 95g Tc ( 96g Tc) should be separated from the large excess of molybdenum. Similar technologies have been developed for 99m Tc production using the 100 Mo(p, 2n) 99m Tc [ 12 , 17 , 18 , 20 ], 100 Mo(n, 2n) 99 Mo reactions [11] , and 94m Tc production with the 94 Mo(p, n) 94m Tc reaction [ 28 , 29 ]: they include thermal separation [11] , ion exchange [ 18 , 20 ], aqueous biphasic extraction chromatography [12] , and solid-phase extraction with cross-linked polyethylene glycol resins [17] . Because the chemical behavior of the Tc isotopes is the same, these technologies can be applied to the production of other Tc isotopes from Mo targets.…”

“…Because the chemical behavior of the Tc isotopes is the same, these technologies can be applied to the production of other Tc isotopes from Mo targets. Compact automatic modules for the separation and purification of 99m Tc produced by the 100 Mo(p, 2n) reaction have been developed [ 12 , 17 , 20 ], and the use of such automatic modules is feasible.…”

“…The (p, 2n) reaction method [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ] and the present proposal have common features that both methods use medical cyclotrons and require the purification of Tc isotopes from Mo targets. Various basic technologies for this (p, 2n) reaction method were developed.…”

“…The third group involves β-decay from 99 Mo produced by nuclear reactions without fission on uranium, for example (n, γ) reactions on 98 Mo in nuclear reactors [7] , (γ, n) reactions on 100 Mo using accelerators [ 6 , 8 , 9 ], or (n, 2n) reaction with high energy neutron beams [ 10 , 11 ]. The fourth group involves a production process using the 100 Mo(p, 2n) 99m Tc reaction with proton beams provided by a compact cyclotron with medium energies of 18–24 MeV [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. For the last two methods, the plan is for 99m Tc to be directly transported from a production facility to hospitals.…”

Clinical Trial with Sodium 99mTc-Pertechnetate Produced by a Medium-Energy Cyclotron: Biodistribution and Safety Assessment in Patients with Abnormal Thyroid Function

“…In recent years, several groups, including our consortium, developed new targets and robust separation procedures to manufacture high-purity 99m Tc with cyclotrons (7,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). There is increasingly convincing evidence that the quality of cyclotron-produced 99m Tc is comparable to that of conventional 99m Tc (6,7,21,22,23) and that sufficient quantities can be made to satisfy the demand of large urban communities (3).…”