Production of 7S and 19S Antibodies to the Somatic Antigens of Salmonella typhosa in Rabbits.

Pike, Robert M.; Schulze, Margaret

doi:10.3181/00379727-115-29050

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Several authors have shown that IgM antibodies are more efficient than IgG antibodies in agglutination as well as in other secondary mani festations of antigen-antibody reactions, such as complement activation [2,20,21]. Similar observations were made in this work where it was shown that in comparison with the titres obtained from the primary anti gen-antibody binding (ASP titres), the indirect haemagglutination (IHA) titres were much higher for IgM than for IgG antibodies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…Indirect haemagglutination has been much employed for quantitation of these antibodies but this technique as well as other methods registering secondary manifestations of antigen-antibody reactions favours one or the other immunoglobulin class of antibodies [20,21], To obtain more accurate quantitation of the antibodies and to avoid this error, a method detecting primary binding of the antibody to its specific antigen is preferable. Such demands are…”

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confidence: 99%

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Significance of Amount and Avidity of <i>E. coli</i> O Antibodies for Manifestation of their Serological and Protective Properties

Ahlstedt¹,

Holmgren²,

Hanson³

1972

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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This preliminary study analyzed the significance of amount and avidity of E. coli·antibodies for serological and protective properties. Using the ammonium sulphate precipitation technique of Farr to measure the primary binding between antigen and antibody and comparing the results with indirect haemagglutination (IHA) it seemed that the latter technique favoured IgM antibodies more and disfavoured IgG antibodies less in serum taken from a primary response, than in serum from an anamnestic immune response. This is possibly due to the increase in avidity of the antibodies seen during immunization. The capacity of antisera to protect mice against an intraperitoneal infection with E. coli bacteria was found to be more closely related to the titres obtained with the Farr technique than to the IHA titres. The relationship of avidity to protection was less clear. The results were consistent, however, with the possibility that low avidity is favourable for the protective function of IgM antibodies in contrast to IgG antibodies for which high avidity seemed important for the protective capacity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Amount and Avidity of <i>E. coli</i> O Antibodies for Manifestation of their Serological and Protective Properties

Ahlstedt¹,

Holmgren²,

Hanson³

1972

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…Type of antibody produced: We have previously reported (10) that while the 7S antibody can be produced in rabbits stimulated with these polysaccharides, this form of antibody was not a prominent feature of the response which is dominated throughout by the production of macroglobulin antibody. Indeed, to obtain any significant amount of the low molecular weight antibody, it was necessary to subject rabbits to massive multiple doses (9) or unusual schedules of daily injections (16) of antigen. In the present work, involving a single dose of antigen, it was anticipated that the larger doses of 2 to 20 #g would be the only amounts effective in this respect.…”

Section: Effect Of a Second Injection Of Antigenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humoral and Cellular Aspects of the Immune Response to the Somatic Antigen of Salmonella Enteritidis

Landy

Sanderson

Jackson

1965

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

105

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In 1927 White (1) established that the somatic polysaccharides on the surface of Gram-negative bacteria confer on these organisms their characteristic serologic specificities. This was followed in the early 1930's by the pioneer work of Boivin (2) who extracted and isolated these enterobacterial "glucidolipids" and revealed that the same complex carried both the antigenic and toxic attributes of Enterobacteriaceae. The tempo of investigations on these endotoxins increased considerably thereafter, but most studies were concerned with the diverse physiologic derangements and pharmacologic effects evoked in mammals by these materials. The biologic effects of these agents were so dramatic as to largely overshadow their antigenic properties. Nonetheless, a few studies were made which still account for much of the present information on the immunogenic properties of these endotoxic polysaccharide complexes (3, 4).A number of contemporary investigations established additional capabilities for these bacterial polysaccharides, notably their capacity non-specifically to increase resistance to infection (5), to function as powerful adjuvants (6), and to exert proliferative effects on the reticuloendothelial system and lymphoid elements (7). In retrospect these findings were portents that the somatic polysaccharide complexes might possess unique immunological attributes. Recently several methods have been developed which seemed especially useful for further assessment of the immune response to these antigens, ~/z., the highly sensitive bactericidal assay for antibacterial "O" antibodies (8), the detection of both 7S and 19S forms of these antibodies (9, 10), and the adaptation of these antigens to the procedure for in vitro enumeration of antibody-forming cells (11). This communication records the results of an investigation in which these methods were employed to ascertain the characteristics of the immune response to the somatic antigens of Gram-negative bacteria.

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“…Identification of specific antibody has depended upon the association of immune activity with immunoglobulin-rich fractions prepared from whole serum by various physical and chemical techniques, Immune activity in these fractions has been measured b y examining secondary properties of antigen-antibody interaction such as agglutination of particulate antigens or particulate carriers coated with antigen, preparation of live bacteria for phagocytosis, and complement-dependent bactericidal effect. The results of such experiments have led to the tentative conclusion that all or most of the immune proteins of the serum specific to the somatic antigens of Gram-negative bacilli are of the ~,M-class of immunoglobulins (3,5,(8)(9)(10). I n the studies described below the secondary activities of highly purified rabbit ~M-and ~/G-antibodies to the somatic antigens of Salmonella typhirauriura were examined and were found to differ markedly from each other.Methods and Materials 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The ISOLATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF RABBIT ΓM- AND ΓG-Anti-Salmonella TYPHIMURIUM ANTIBODIES

Robbins

Kenny

Suter

1965

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

171

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Antibodies to the somatic antigens of Gram-negative bacilli have been demonstrated to occur in three classes of immunoglobulins (1-10). Identification of specific antibody has depended upon the association of immune activity with immunoglobulin-rich fractions prepared from whole serum by various physical and chemical techniques, Immune activity in these fractions has been measured b y examining secondary properties of antigen-antibody interaction such as agglutination of particulate antigens or particulate carriers coated with antigen, preparation of live bacteria for phagocytosis, and complement-dependent bactericidal effect. The results of such experiments have led to the tentative conclusion that all or most of the immune proteins of the serum specific to the somatic antigens of Gram-negative bacilli are of the ~,M-class of immunoglobulins (3,5,(8)(9)(10). I n the studies described below the secondary activities of highly purified rabbit ~M-and ~/G-antibodies to the somatic antigens of Salmonella typhirauriura were examined and were found to differ markedly from each other.Methods and Materials 1. Preparation of the Antigen.--Salmondla typkimurium, strain 7 x (4, 5, 12:z) Salmonella paratypM B 2 (4, 5, 12:b), and Escherichia coli were grown in brain heart infusion broth (Difco Laboratories, Inc., Detroit) with constant agitation for 15 hours at 37°C. The "O" or somatic antigen was prepared as described (12). The heat-killed whole cell antigens used for experiments involving absorption and/or absorption-elution were utilized within 15 hours after preparation. Antigen preparations for assay of agglutination and for immunization were stored at 4°C without preservative. 2.Immunization.--Adult hybrid rabbits were injected with 1 X 101° organisms of S.

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Production of 7S and 19S Antibodies to the Somatic Antigens of Salmonella typhosa in Rabbits.

Cited by 31 publications

References 1 publication

Significance of Amount and Avidity of <i>E. coli</i> O Antibodies for Manifestation of their Serological and Protective Properties

Significance of Amount and Avidity of <i>E. coli</i> O Antibodies for Manifestation of their Serological and Protective Properties

Humoral and Cellular Aspects of the Immune Response to the Somatic Antigen of Salmonella Enteritidis

The ISOLATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF RABBIT ΓM- AND ΓG-Anti-Salmonella TYPHIMURIUM ANTIBODIES

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