Production of a high level of laccase by submerged fermentation at 120-L scale of Cerrena unicolor C-139 grown on wheat bran

Abstract

Submerged fermentation in a stirred bioreactor of the white rot fungus Cerrena unicolor C-139 was done at a 120-L scale in the presence of wheat bran as a cheap lignocellulosic substrate for fungus growth and laccase production. Enzyme monitoring showed that laccase production started after 2 days of cultivation, attaining a maximum activity of 416.4 UÁmL À1 at day 12 of fermentation. After treatment of culture liquid by successive micro-and ultrafiltration (5 kDa), a liquid concentrate containing 22203176 units of laccase was obtained. Obtaining large amount of laccase is essential for various industrial applications, including detoxification of industrial effluents, textile and petrochemical industries, polymer synthesis, bioremediation of contaminated area, stabilization of beverages, production of cosmetics, manufacture of anti-cancer drugs, and nanobiotechnology. The cultivation method and the fungal strain used here provided a substantial amount of enzyme produced at a price lower than 0.01 s cent/unit enzyme.

Enhanced Delignification of Lignocellulosic Biomass by Recombinant Fungus <b><i>Phanerochaete chrysosporium</i></b> Overexpressing Laccases and Peroxidases

“…Although a difference in the ergosterol content between the substrates used was observed, the increased ergosterol content in WB seems to be related to the fact that the soluble components of WB are very accessible for use as nutrients by the fungus [Papinutti et al, 2003;Songulashvili et al, 2015;Verma et al, 2002]. However, as expected, the analysis of the ergosterol content confirmed that the increase in the degradative capacity of the transformants did not depend of the fungal biomass.…”

“…This effect may be due to the release of some molecules from WB that may have an inducing function on the ligninolytic activity [Farani de Souza et al, 2006;Gnanamani et al, 2006;Verma et al, 2002]. Likewise, WB has the same effects on the production of ligninolytic enzymes in solid-state fermentation of various fungi, such as Fomes sclerodermeus, Cerrena unicolor, and Bjerkandera adusta [Papinutti et al, 2003;Songulashvili et al, 2015;Yoshida et al, 1996]. Because white-rot fungi are capable of utilizing carbohydrates of lignocellulosic substrates for metabolism, this reduces the need of nutrient addition.…”

“…Because white-rot fungi are capable of utilizing carbohydrates of lignocellulosic substrates for metabolism, this reduces the need of nutrient addition. Under industrial conditions, fungi can be used for biofuel production without an external supply of nutrients, since the choice of a carbon source and the substrate play a crucial role in the production of enzymes [Plácido and Capareda, 2015;Songulashvili et al, 2015].…”

Biotechnological Transformation of Lignocellulosic Biomass in to Industrial Products: An Overview

“…These monomer sugars are utilized as carbon sources for the production of different industrial products such as ethanol, xylitol, biobutanol, bio-hydrogen, microbial polysaccharides, organic acids, and single cell proteins etc [93] [94]. Maximum laccase activity (416.4 U/ml) obtained by submerged fermentation of wheat bran by Cerrena unicolor C-139 [65] Amylase (327 IU/ml) produced by Aspergillus fumigatus NTCC1222 using wheat bran as substrate [66] Lipase activity (9.14 IU/g of dry substrate) obtained by Aspergillus niger under SSF using wheat bran as substrate [67] Lactic acid yield of 0.73 g/g substrate achieved by fermentation by Lactobacillus pentosus using wheat bran as substrate [59] Fumaric acid 20.2 g/l was achieved by fermentation by Rhizopus oryzae using wheat bran hydrolysate as substrate [58] The maximum hydrogen yield of 128.2 ml/g total volatile solid from pre-treated wheat bran by mixed anaerobic cultures [68] Wheat straw…”

Exopolysaccharides from Basidiomycota: Formation, isolation and techno‐functional properties

“…-44), MAN(33)(34)(35), GLU(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11), ARA (0-11), TAL (4-10), XYL (0-3), RIB (0-2), RHA (1, arabinose; FUC, fucose; GAL, galactose; GLCA, glucuronic acid; GLIU, glucose; MAN, mannose; MAL, maltose; RIB, ribose; RHA, rhamnose; TAL, talose; XYL, xylose b) Variations depending in fermentation medium and/or pH c) PDI, polydispersity index -not reported Structure of the extracellular heteropolysaccharide produced by Ganoderma lucidum CCGMC 5.616. From[69], with permission from Elsevier.…”