Production of acetone-butanol-ethanol from spoilage date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits by mixed culture of Clostridium acetobutylicum and Bacillus subtilis

In situ hydrogen, acetone, butanol, ethanol and microdiesel production by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 from oleaginous fungal biomass

“…Nitrogen was used as a carrier gas (3.5 ml/min). The injector and detector temperatures were at 200 B C. The oven medium temperature was programmed from 50 to 225 B C, at a rate of 5 B C min À1 [25].…”

Quest for sustainable bio-production and recovery of butanol as a promising solution to fossil fuel

“…Cellulolytic fungi Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus wentii have been also used to obtain fermentable sugars from bagasse and rice straw [64]. • Anaerobic condition maintenance: co-culture of anaerobic Clostridium with aerobic Bacillus subtilis helped substrate hydrolysis and maintained anaerobic condition by consuming any available oxygen in the culture without the addition of costly reducing agents or flushing with N 2 gas [16,57,65]. • Solventogenesis enhancement throughout butyric acid production: instead of adding butyric acid as a reagent to the medium.…”

Improvement of fungal lipids esterification process by bacterial lipase for biodiesel synthesis

“…A depletion in ancient energy stock reserves, additionally to political, economic, health and environmental issues enhances scientists to go looking for alternative sustainable fuel from available sources are coming in vogue [1][2][3][4][5]. Biodiesel is one of the most potential renewable fuels, environmental friendliness, biodegradable, non-toxic, a low air pollutant emitting fuel than the petroleum diesel and has a similar engine performance [4].…”