Production of Adipic Acid from Sugar Beet Residue by Combined Biological and Chemical Catalysis

Zhang, Hongfang; Li, Xiukai; Su, Xiaoyun; Ang, Ee Lui; Zhang, Yugen; Zhao, Huimin

doi:10.1002/cctc.201600069

Cited by 59 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The downstream processing of meso -galactaric acid is especially attractive, as it can be precipitated from the fermentation broth by acidification (Fig. 4a ) 48 , 64 . Simple and high purity isolation of meso -galactaric acid may enable effective one-pot chemical conversions to the drop-in plastic resin and nylon-6,6 monomers, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) and adipic acid, respectively 65 , 66 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for co-utilization of d-galacturonic acid and d-glucose from citrus peel waste

et al. 2018

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Pectin-rich biomasses, such as citrus peel and sugar beet pulp, hold promise as inexpensive feedstocks for microbial fermentations as enzymatic hydrolysis of their component polysaccharides can be accomplished inexpensively to yield high concentrations of fermentable sugars and d-galacturonic acid (d-galUA). In this study, we tackle a number of challenges associated with engineering a microbial strain to convert pectin-rich hydrolysates into commodity and specialty chemicals. First, we engineer d-galUA utilization into yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Second, we identify that the mechanism of d-galUA uptake into yeast is mediated by hexose transporters and that consumption of d-galUA is inhibited by d-glucose. Third, we enable co-utilization of d-galUA and d-glucose by identifying and expressing a heterologous transporter, GatA, from Aspergillus niger. Last, we demonstrate the use of this transporter for production of the platform chemical, meso-galactaric acid, directly from industrial Navel orange peel waste.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for co-utilization of d-galacturonic acid and d-glucose from citrus peel waste

et al. 2018

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“…The end product of this pathway is α-ketoglutarate, an intermediate of TCA cycle, [7, 8]. The udh gene has been used to engineer different microbes for the oxidation of d -galUA such as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae [9], the bacterium Escherichia coli [10] and the moulds Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus niger [11]. The use of moulds has the advantage that these organisms are often efficient producers of enzymes to hydrolyse the biomass, which would facilitate a consolidated process in which pectin-rich biomass could be hydrolysed and converted to galactaric acid in a single process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Aspergillus niger for galactaric acid production: elimination of galactaric acid catabolism by using RNA sequencing and CRISPR/Cas9

2016

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Background meso-Galactaric acid is a dicarboxylic acid that can be produced by the oxidation of d-galacturonic acid, the main constituent of pectin. Mould strains can be engineered to perform this oxidation by expressing the bacterial enzyme uronate dehydrogenase. In addition, the endogenous pathway for d-galacturonic acid catabolism has to be inactivated. The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger would be a suitable strain for galactaric acid production since it is efficient in pectin hydrolysis, however, it is catabolizing the resulting galactaric acid via an unknown catabolic pathway.ResultsIn this study, a transcriptomics approach was used to identify genes involved in galactaric acid catabolism. Several genes were deleted using CRISPR/Cas9 together with in vitro synthesized sgRNA. As a result, galactaric acid catabolism was disrupted. An engineered A. niger strain combining the disrupted galactaric and d-galacturonic acid catabolism with an expression of a heterologous uronate dehydrogenase produced galactaric acid from d-galacturonic acid. The resulting strain was also converting pectin-rich biomass to galactaric acid in a consolidated bioprocess.ConclusionsIn the present study, we demonstrated the use of CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene deletion technology in A. niger in an metabolic engineering application. As a result, a strain for the efficient production of galactaric acid from d-galacturonic acid was generated. The present study highlights the usefulness of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the metabolic engineering of filamentous fungi.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-016-0613-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…S1), an enzyme present in some bacteria. Different microbes, such as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae [18], the bacterium Escherichia coli [4,19] and two filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger [9] and Trichoderma reesei [8,20] have been engineered for the conversion of d-galacturonic acid to mucic acid by introducing the bacterial udh gene to these organisms. Udh requires NAD + as co-factor [21].…”

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Engineering marine fungi for conversion of d-galacturonic acid to mucic acid

et al. 2020

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Background: Two marine fungi, a Trichoderma sp. and a Coniochaeta sp., which can grow on d-galacturonic acid and pectin, were selected as hosts to engineer for mucic acid production, assessing the suitability of marine fungi for production of platform chemicals. The pathway for biotechnologcial production of mucic (galactaric) acid from d-galacturonic acid is simple and requires minimal modification of the genome, optimally one deletion and one insertion. d-Galacturonic acid, the main component of pectin, is a potential substrate for bioconversion, since pectin-rich waste is abundant. Results: Trichoderma sp. LF328 and Coniochaeta sp. MF729 were engineered using CRISPR-Cas9 to oxidize d-galacturonic acid to mucic acid, disrupting the endogenous pathway for d-galacturonic acid catabolism when inserting a gene encoding bacterial uronate dehydrogenase. The uronate dehydrogenase was expressed under control of a synthetic expression system, which fucntioned in both marine strains. The marine Trichoderma transformants produced 25 g L −1 mucic acid from d-galacturonic acid in equimolar amounts: the yield was 1.0 to 1.1 g mucic acid [g d-galacturonic acid utilized] −1. d-Xylose and lactose were the preferred co-substrates. The engineered marine Trichoderma sp. was more productive than the best Trichoderma reesei strain (D-161646) described in the literature to date, that had been engineered to produce mucic acid. With marine Coniochaeta transformants, d-glucose was the preferred cosubstrate, but the highest yield was 0.82 g g −1 : a portion of d-galacturonic acid was still metabolized. Coniochaeta sp. transformants produced adequate pectinases to produce mucic acid from pectin, but Trichoderma sp. transformants did not. Conclusions: Both marine species were successfully engineered using CRISPR-Cas9 and the synthetic expression system was functional in both species. Although Coniochaeta sp. transformants produced mucic acid directly from pectin, the metabolism of d-galacturonic acid was not completely disrupted and mucic acid amounts were low. The d-galacturonic pathway was completely disrupted in the transformants of the marine Trichoderma sp., which produced more mucic acid than a previously constructed T. reesei mucic acid producing strain, when grown under similar conditions. This demonstrated that marine fungi may be useful as production organisms, not only for native enzymes or bioactive compounds, but also for other compounds.

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Production of Adipic Acid from Sugar Beet Residue by Combined Biological and Chemical Catalysis

Cited by 59 publications

References 35 publications

Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for co-utilization of d-galacturonic acid and d-glucose from citrus peel waste

Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for co-utilization of d-galacturonic acid and d-glucose from citrus peel waste

Engineering Aspergillus niger for galactaric acid production: elimination of galactaric acid catabolism by using RNA sequencing and CRISPR/Cas9

Engineering marine fungi for conversion of d-galacturonic acid to mucic acid

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