Production of cell-wall degrading enzymes by solid-state fermentation using agroindustrial residues as substrates

Aita, Bruno C.; Spannemberg, Stéfani S.; Schmaltz, Silvana; Zabot, Giovani L.; Tres, Marcus V.; Kuhn, Raquel C.; Mazutti, Márcio A.

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2019.103193

Cited by 41 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This behavior was evidenced in the results presented in Table 5 and Table 6 , which show that the lowest initial moisture content (65% and 50%) yielded the highest conidia production (run 9) for T. asperellum AU131 and T. longibrachiatum AU158 (run 1), respectively. These results agree with Wahid et al [ 83 ] and Aita et al [ 84 ], who investigated optimization of conidia production by SSF with Trichoderma ressei . In another study, initial moisture contents from 55 to 65% were evaluated and the best results were obtained with the lowest initial moisture [ 85 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Optimization of Culture Conditions and Production of Bio-Fungicides from Trichoderma Species under Solid-State Fermentation Using Mathematical Modeling

et al. 2021

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Agro-industrial wastes suitable for economical and high mass production of novel Trichoderma species under solid-state fermentation were identified by optimizing the culture conditions using a mathematical model and evaluating the viability of the formulated bio-product. Fourteen inexpensive, locally available, organic substrates and cereals were examined using a one-factor-at-a-time experiment. The fungus colonized nearly all substrates after 21 days of incubation, although the degree of colonization and conidiation varied among the substrates. A mixture of wheat bran and white rice (2:1 w/w) was found to support maximum growth of T. asperellum AU131 (3.2 × 107 spores/g dry substrate) and T. longibrachiatum AU158 (3.5 × 107 spores/g dry substrate). Using a fractional factorial design, the most significant growth factors influencing biomass production were found to be temperature, moisture content, inoculum concentration, and incubation period (p ≤ 0.05). Analysis of variance of a Box–Behnken design showed that the regression model was highly significant (p ≤ 0.05) with F-values of 10.38 (P = 0.0027, T. asperellum AU131) and 12.01 (p < 0.0017, T. longibrachiatum AU158). Under optimal conditions, maximum conidia yield of log10 (8.6) (T. asperellum AU131) and log10(9.18) (T. longibrachiatum) were obtained. For wettable powder Trichoderma species formulations, it was possible to maintain conidial viability at room temperature (25 °C) for eight months at concentrations above 106 CFU/g.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Optimization of Culture Conditions and Production of Bio-Fungicides from Trichoderma Species under Solid-State Fermentation Using Mathematical Modeling

et al. 2021

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“…We hypothesized that SSF in droplets could potentially solve the incubation issue by maintaining fungi within the SSF substrate such that the solid media will limit hyphal tip exit. Previously, colloidal chitin was shown to be a good addition to liquid culture (for C. rosea 38 ) and was used as a structural support 39 . In addition to providing support, colloidal chitin also plays a role in inducing cell-wall-degrading enzyme expression in mycoparasites, since chitin is a major fungal cell-wall component 38 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Droplet digital microfluidic system for screening filamentous fungi based on enzymatic activity

et al. 2022

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Fungal cell-wall-degrading enzymes have great utility in the agricultural and food industries. These cell-wall-degrading enzymes are known to have functions that can help defend against pathogenic organisms. The existing methods used to discover these enzymes are not well adapted to fungi culture and morphology, which prevents the proper evaluation of these enzymes. We report the first droplet-based microfluidic method capable of long-term incubation and low-voltage conditions to sort filamentous fungi inside nanoliter-sized droplets. The new method was characterized and validated in solid-phase media based on colloidal chitin such that the incubation of single spores in droplets was possible over multiple days (2–4 days) and could be sorted without droplet breakage. With long-term culture, we examined the activity of cell-wall-degrading enzymes produced by fungi during solid-state droplet fermentation using three highly sensitive fluorescein-based substrates. We also used the low-voltage droplet sorter to select clones with highly active cell-wall-degrading enzymes, such as chitinases, β-glucanases, and β-N-acetylgalactosaminidases, from a filamentous fungi droplet library that had been incubated for >4 days. The new system is portable, affordable for any laboratory, and user-friendly compared to classical droplet-based microfluidic systems. We propose that this system will be useful for the growing number of scientists interested in fungal microbiology who are seeking high-throughput methods to incubate and sort a large library of fungal cells.

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“…These enzymes play a key role in the breakdown of the pathogen's cell walls, which facilitates simple invasion and colonization by the biocontrol agents, induces a defense response and slows the spread of the pathogen while also indirectly promoting plant growth and development (Qualhato et al, 2013;Cherkupally et al, 2017). Overall, T. asperellum AU131 and T. longibrachiatum AU158 isolates appear to be the most promising biological control agents against F. xylarioides, primarily because of the synergistic effect of various mechanisms of action, including mycoparasitism, competition, production of bioactive secondary metabolites, and induction of systematic resistance (Aita et al, 2019;Mulatu et al, 2022b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological management of coffee wilt disease (Fusarium xylarioides) using antagonistic Trichoderma isolates

et al. 2023

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Coffee wilt disease (CWD) is a serious threat to the food security of small-scale farmers in Ethiopia, causing significant reductions in coffee yield. Currently, there are no effective control measures available against the causative agent of CWD, Fusarium xylarioides. The main objective of this study was therefore to develop, formulate, and evaluate a range of biofungicides against F. xylarioides, derived from Trichoderma species and tested under in vitro, greenhouse, and field conditions. In total, 175 Trichoderma isolates were screened as microbial biocontrol agents against F. xylarioides. The efficacy of two biofungicide formulations, wettable powder and water dispensable granules, were tested on the susceptible Geisha coffee variety in three different agro-ecological zones in southwestern Ethiopia over three years. The greenhouse experiments were set up using a complete block design, while in the field a randomized complete block design was used, with twice yearly applications of biofungicide. The test pathogen spore suspension was applied to the coffee seedlings by soil drenching, and the subsequent incidence and severity of CWD evaluated annually. The mycelial growth inhibition profiles of the Trichoderma isolates against F. xylarioides ranged from 44.5% to 84.8%. In vitro experiments revealed that T. asperelloides AU71, T. asperellum AU131 and T. longibrachiatum AU158 reduced the mycelial growth of F. xylarioides by over 80%. The greenhouse study indicated that wettable powder (WP) of T. asperellum AU131 had the highest biocontrol efficacy (84.3%), followed by T. longibrachiatum AU158 (77.9%) and T. asperelloides AU71 (71.2%); they also had a significant positive impact on plant growth. The pathogen-treated control plants had a disease severity index of 100% across all the field experiments, and of 76.7% in the greenhouse experiments. In comparison to untreated controls, the annual and cumulative disease incidence over the three years of the study period varied from 46.2 to 90%, 51.6 to 84.5%, and 58.2 to 91%, at the Teppi, Gera and Jimma field experimental locations. Overall, the greenhouse and field experiments and in vitro assays support the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma isolates, and T. asperellum AU131 and T. longibrachiatum AU158 in particular are recommended for the management of CWD under field conditions.

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Production of cell-wall degrading enzymes by solid-state fermentation using agroindustrial residues as substrates

Cited by 41 publications

References 33 publications

Optimization of Culture Conditions and Production of Bio-Fungicides from Trichoderma Species under Solid-State Fermentation Using Mathematical Modeling

Optimization of Culture Conditions and Production of Bio-Fungicides from Trichoderma Species under Solid-State Fermentation Using Mathematical Modeling

Droplet digital microfluidic system for screening filamentous fungi based on enzymatic activity

Biological management of coffee wilt disease (Fusarium xylarioides) using antagonistic Trichoderma isolates

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