Production of discernible disease phenotypes in Canna by five plant viruses belonging to the genera Potyvirus,Cucumovirus and Badnavirus

Abstract

Cannas are tropical and subtropical flowering perennial plants. The genus contains many species but most commercially grown cultivars are interspecific hybrids selected for their attractive foliage and flowers. Canna production is so lucrative that there are farmers and nurseries dedicated solely to its production. The specific issue that the canna industry faces is virus diseases. In this study, rhizomes of 24 canna cultivars were gathered and diagnostics conducted to detect Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV, Potyvirus), Canna yellow mottle virus (CaYMV, Badnavirus), Canna yellow streak virus (CaYSV, Potyvirus), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV, Cucumovirus) and Tomato aspermy virus (TAV, Cucumovirus). Visual assessment of disease symptoms and diagnostic tests were carried out to identify the prevalent diseases and describe the symptoms that are associated with virus infection. BYMV, CaYMV and CaYSV caused severe mosaic and necrosis either in the leaf lamina or veins of infected leaves. Potyvirus infection suppressed red colouration in the foliage of some varieties. CaYMV and CaYSV often appeared in the same plant, suggesting they might represent a viral complex. CMV and TAV were rarely seen in these populations. Interestingly, CaYMV but not CaYSV could be mechanically inoculated to Phaseolus vulgaris plants.

Canna paniculata as natural host of canna yellow streak virus in Brazil

“…This isolate infected only 20% of the inoculated canna plants. The results of mechanical transmission attempts in this study were essentially similar to those reported by Rajakaruna et al (2014), which state that CaYSV is poorly transmitted by mechanical inoculation using sap from canna leaves.…”

“…Another potyvirus, Canna yellow streak virus (CaYSV), was reported in the United Kingdom in 2007, and other countries (Monger et al 2007;Rajakaruna et al 2014;Chauhan et al 2015). Although the canna lily is commonly found in nature as well as in public and private gardens in Brazil, to date there has been no reported occurrence of viral diseases in these plants.…”

“…aspermy virus (TAV), cucumovirus, as well as bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV) and sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), both potyviruses (Monger et al 2007;Marino et al 2008;Rajakaruna et al 2014;Tang et al 2016). Another potyvirus, Canna yellow streak virus (CaYSV), was reported in the United Kingdom in 2007, and other countries (Monger et al 2007;Rajakaruna et al 2014;Chauhan et al 2015).…”

Viruses infecting main ornamental plants: an overview

“…Another badnavirus, Canna yellow mottle associated virus 1, was also found on canna (WIJAYASEKARA et al, 2017). CMV (LOKHARDT, 1988) and TAV (HOLLINGS and STONE, 1971) are less common in this crop (RAJAKARUNA et al, 2014). Viruses infecting canna were found in the UK, Belgium, the Netherlands, France, Italy, Austria, Israel, Kenia, India, Japan, Thailand, Brazil, the USA and Russia.…”

“…Symptoms may significantly vary depending on the cultivar and may be masked in varieties with dark-colored leaves. Mixed infections with two or three viruses of different taxonomic groups are common in canna (RAJAKARUNA et al, 2014;CHAUHAN et al 2015;KUMARI et al, 2016;ZAKUBANSKIY et al, 2017).…”