Production of electricity and water in an osmotic microbial fuel cell by using EDTA-Na2 as a recoverable draw solute

Inhibition Strategies of Reverse Solute Flux in Osmotic Microbial Fuel Cells: Take Forward Osmosis as Reference

“…Due to the presence of microbes, energy generation, and more intense substance transport, the internal environments of OsMFCs and FO processes are quite different, and high-performance membranes from FO processes do not always work well in OsMFCs. , Due to the decrease of osmotic pressure difference and serious biological membrane fouling, the flux of commercial FO membranes used in OsMFC attenuates faster, and with the operation of the system, the pH on both sides of the membrane also changes greatly . The requirements for the chemical stability of commercial FO membranes are also higher than those of FO membranes in FO technology.…”

“…At present, some studies have applied polyelectrolyte salts as the draw solution in OsMFCs and realized their recovery and reuse. 84,85 A series of electrochemical reactions in OsMFCs will change the pH of the solution, and the selection of an appropriate pH response draw solution can turn the disadvantage of the pH change into a favorable factor in the operation process. In addition, the ease of recovery of the draw solution minimizes the loss of cathode solute caused by the RSF, largely enabling the system to operate sustainably.…”

“…Organic salt solutions have good conductivity and can be used as the draw solutions in OsMFCs. At present, some studies have applied polyelectrolyte salts as the draw solution in OsMFCs and realized their recovery and reuse. , …”

“…In addition, the ease of recovery of the draw solution minimizes the loss of cathode solute caused by the RSF, largely enabling the system to operate sustainably. Two studies evaluated the PAA-Na solution and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA-Na 2 ) solution as OsMFCs’ catholyte. , As the draw solution in OsMFCs, both of them have higher water flux and lower RSF, and both of them can achieve more than 90% recovery by adjusting the pH of the solution (Table ). In addition, both are biodegradable, , poly­(acrylic acid) (PAA) can alleviate the pH change of the cathode and EDTA can be used as a scale inhibitor to reduce the surface contamination of the FO membrane .…”

Evaluation of polyvinylpyrrolidone as draw solute for desalination forward osmosis systems

“…Ideally, the draw solute and/or its corresponding solution should meet the following six requirements: (1) possess high osmotic pressure, (2) cause minimal reverse solute diffusion, (3) must be easy to regenerate from its diluted solution form, (4) be non-toxic, (5) be accessible and affordable, and (6) be non-corrosive to components of the FO systems. To date, various types of draw solutes have been explored, including but not limited to inorganic fertilizers (Phuntsho et al 2011), ammonium bicarbonate (Kim et al 2015), EDTA salts (Wang et al 2019), phytate salts (Ge et al 2018), magnetic nanoparticles (Na et al 2014), or novel organic polymeric and supramolecular substances (Zhao et al 2014;Wu et al 2019).…”