The absolute atomic mass of $$^{208}$$
208
Pb has been determined with a fractional uncertainty of $$7\times 10^{-11}$$
7
×
10
-
11
by measuring the cyclotron-frequency ratio R of $$^{208}$$
208
Pb$$^{41+}$$
41
+
to $$^{132}$$
132
Xe$$^{26+}$$
26
+
with the high-precision Penning-trap mass spectrometer Pentatrap and computing the binding energies $$E_{\text {Pb}}$$
E
Pb
and $$E_{\text {Xe}}$$
E
Xe
of the missing 41 and 26 atomic electrons, respectively, with the ab initio fully relativistic multi-configuration Dirac–Hartree–Fock (MCDHF) method. R has been measured with a relative precision of $$9\times 10^{-12}$$
9
×
10
-
12
. $$E_{\text {Pb}}$$
E
Pb
and $$E_{\text {Xe}}$$
E
Xe
have been computed with an uncertainty of 9.1 eV and 2.1 eV, respectively, yielding $$207.976\,650\,571(14)$$
207.976
650
571
(
14
)
u ($$\text {u}=9.314\,941\,024\,2(28)\times 10^{8}$$
u
=
9.314
941
024
2
(
28
)
×
10
8
eV/c$$^2$$
2
) for the $$^{208}$$
208
Pb neutral atomic mass. This result agrees within $$1.2\sigma $$
1.2
σ
with that from the Atomic-Mass Evaluation (AME) 2020, while improving the precision by almost two orders of magnitude. The new mass value directly improves the mass precision of 14 nuclides in the region of Z = 81–84 and is the most precise mass value with $$A>200$$
A
>
200
. Thus, the measurement establishes a new region of reference mass values which can be used e.g. for precision mass determination of transuranium nuclides, including the superheavies.