Production of insulating glass ceramics from thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD) waste glass and calcium fluoride sludge

Treatment method of hazardous pickling sludge by reusing as glass–ceramics nucleation agent

“…The PS is abundant in CaF 2 , as seen in Table 1. The fluorine from PS may act as a network breaker in glass network by replacing strong Si-O bonds with Si-F bonds, resulting in the decrease of crystallization temperature in the glass [32]. Banijarmali et al [26] suggested that increasing fluorine content reduced the crystallization peak temperature via acceleration of the diffusion rate of the crystalline phase constituent.…”

“…Thus, the solid solubility of the impurity ions, such as sodium, potassium and calcium, is improved in the residual glass phase, confirmed by the disappearance of akermanite and sodium aluminum silicate phases in XRD patterns of GC-1 and GC-2 samples. Besides, fluorine does not enter into the crystalline structure, but remains dissolved in the residual glass [32]. The fluorine content in the residual glass increases with higher PS amount.…”

Leaching capacity of metals–metalloids and recovery of valuable materials from waste LCDs

“…The addition of 20% LCD glass sand meets the specific slump requirements, while at the same time improves the strength and durability of concrete (Wang, 2008; http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.05.025 0956-053X/Ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Wang and Huang, 2010;Fan and Li, 2013). The production of ceramic glass via waste LCD glass sintering is also another recycling choice (Lin et al, 2009).…”

“…However, the recovery techniques on the treatment of LCDs vary, depending on each of the following focused areas: (a) production of insulating ceramic glass of LCD waste glass and calcium fluoride sludge (Fan and Li, 2013), (b) pyrolysis to remove the organic segments/portions of the LCD glass (Lu et al, 2012), (c) chemical processes through which elements such as Y and Eu are obtained at high percentages (Innocenzi et al, 2013(Innocenzi et al, , 2014 and (d) microbial methods aiming at the recovery of In (Ogi et al, 2012). As for the recovery of metals oriented from waste LCDs leachates, literature has reported Cr recovery via a supercritical water oxidation procedure (Veriansyah et al, 2007).…”

LCD waste glass as a substitute for feldspar in the porcelain sanitary ware production

“…In the case of the end LCD waste glasses, however, the aforementioned toxic components contained in the old LCD glasses preclude their recycling [6], and thus they are disposed as waste material. In relation to LPWG, there have been several studies on their recycling in the field of ceramic tile [7,8], glass-ceramics [9][10][11], foamed glass [12] and cement [13][14][15]. However, there have been no reports in which LPWG is applied to traditional porcelain such as sanitary ware.…”