Production of novel alloplasmic male sterile lines in Allium cepa harbouring the cytoplasm from Allium roylei

Abstract

With 3 figures and 5 tables Abstract To develop alloplasmic lines of Allium cepa, cytoplasmic substitution by continuous backcrossing was performed using Allium roylei as a cytoplasm donor. The chromosomes of a single F1 plant between A. roylei (♀) and shallot were doubled, and then backcrossing with shallot was performed to produce BC1 as allotriploids. One allotriploid plant was used for backcrossing with bulb onion to produce BC2 with 2n = 16, 17, 23 and 24. The BC2 plants possessing 16 chromosomes were checked for pollen fertility in Yamaguchi, Japan (N34°11′), and then backcrossed with bulb onion again to evaluate their seed‐setting characteristics. The pollen fertility of BC2 ranged from 0% to more than 10%. A large number of plants showed no pollen fertility (0%). In Kagawa and Hokkaido, most of the plants were completely pollen sterile, while the percentages of seed sets in BC2 were high enough to reproduce BC3 seeds. The results of this study revealed that an exploitation of A. roylei cytoplasm would be useful for the development of a novel cytoplasmic male sterility line in Allium.

Enhancing onion breeding using molecular tools

“…roylei into long‐day (Havey , Vu et al. ) and short‐day (Dhatt‐personal communication) backgrounds of A. cepa (bulb onion). This male sterility is due to the incompatibility of cytoplasm of A .…”

“…The S-cytoplasm system has been widely used due to stability under diverse environmental conditions and simple inheritance (Havey 2000). Diverse sources of male sterility are desirable to avoid genetic vulnerability, and this can be achieved by introgressing alloplasmic cytoplasms from A. galanthum and A. roylei into long-day (Havey 1999, Vu et al 2011) and short-day (Dhatt-personal communication) backgrounds of A. cepa (bulb onion). This male sterility is due to the incompatibility of cytoplasm of A. galanthum and A. roylei with that of A. cepa and does not need the development of maintainer lines.…”

Interspecific incompatibility in wide hybridization of plants and ways to overcome

“…Теоретически для образования алло-плазматических линий должны происходить два основных события: 1) замещение материнского ядерного генома на отцовский ядерный геном в процессе последовательных возвратных скрещиваний гибридов с отцовским видом; 2) эволюционно закрепленная передача органельных геномов по материнской линии (Tsunewaki, 1996). Алло-плазматические линии получены у разных видов Triticum (Tsunewaki, 1996), Allium cepa (Vu et al, 2011), Brassica napus (Landgren et al, 1996;Shinada et al, 2006), Nicotiana tabacum (Farbos et al, 2001) и других растений. В зависи-мости от ядерно-цитоплазматических комбинаций у ал-лоплазматических линий могут происходить нарушения клеточного развития, связанные с высокой частотой хро-мосомных аномалий в соматических клетках, приводящих к гибели клеток, подавлению роста и развития растений (Бадаева и др., 2006).…”

Production and characterization of alien chromosome addition lines in Allium fistulosum carrying extra chromosomes of Allium roylei using molecular and cytogenetic analyses

“…Allium roylei, a wild species originating in India, has attracted considerable attention in onion breeding for downy mildew resistance (Scholten et al 2007) and alloplasmic male sterility (Vu et al 2011). This wild species also possesses other useful characteristics such as partial resistance to leaf blight (De Vries et al 1992) and moderate resistance to Fusarium basal rot (Galvan et al 2008).…”