Production of Polyvinyl Alcohol–Alginate–Nanocellulose Fibers

Abstract

In this study, nanocellulose is isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunches using ultrafine grinding and ultrasonication. Here, nanocellulose, a reinforcing agent, is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate, which act as the matrices. Nanocellulose‐based fibers are produced via the wet spinning method using calcium chloride as a coagulant solvent. The effects of the nanocellulose content on the morphological, mechanical, and in vitro biocompatibility properties of the produced fibers are then examined, with the results demonstrating that the increase in nanocellulose content produces fibers with a rougher cross‐section and higher tensile strength with the addition of nanocellulose up to 3%. Meanwhile, the crystallinity of the fibers increases with the addition of nanocellulose content of up to 5%. The addition of 1% nanocellulose produce fibers with better in vitro biocompatibility, which is confirmed by the higher cell viability and lower inhibition.

Recent developments in artificial spider silk and functional gel fibers

“…The processing of the fibers after spinning also may be crucial to further confirm their functionality. 70 Extensive research has been conducted on the production of hydrogel fibers by using advanced spinning techniques. Core-sheath hydrogel fibers were synthesized in a continuous manner by integrated light-triggered dynamic wet spinning.…”

“…In addition, the processing parameters during spinning may affect fiber performance, including the flow rate of the polymer solution, applied voltage, and air gap between the spinneret and coagulation bath. The processing of the fibers after spinning also may be crucial to further confirm their functionality 70 …”

Nanocellulose in Textiles: A Potential Resource for Sustainable Textile Manufacturing

“…Furthermore, the use of oil palm empty fruit bunches as a raw material has facilitated the production of nanocellulose fibres. The investigation of the impact of nanocellulose content on the qualities of these fibres has also been conducted [26]. A considerable number of studies emphasise the possibility of using mechanical methods of treatment in the production procedure of nanocellulose fibres acquired from diverse sources.…”