Production of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate from Steel Converter Slag and Other Calcium-Containing Industrial Wastes and Residues

Mattila, Hannu-Petteri; Zevenhoven, Ron

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-420221-4.00010-x

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…For comparison, commercial PCC is also produced as a by-product of ammonia production in the Solvay process (Ciullo, 1996). As the calcium carbonate is produced in presence of sodium chloride, the Solvay PCC product contains 0.10% NaCl (Table 1), which has contributed to the Solvay PCC process being less used than the conventional carbonation process (Mattila and Zevenhoven, 2014a). Also ESAPA (2004) reports difficulties with commercializing calcium carbonate containing chloride impurities.…”

Section: Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Separation Processes for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Produced with an Innovative Method from Steelmaking Slag and Carbon Dioxide

et al. 2016

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In this work, experiments were performed to determine the filterability of calcium carbonate produced with an alternative calcium carbonate production concept. The concept uses steelmaking slag as raw material and has potential to fix CO2 emissions and utilize steelmaking slag, simultaneously. As calcium carbonate is precipitated in a solution containing ammonium chloride, calcium chloride, and ammonia, the product needs to be washed and hence filtered. In this work, different separation processes, including washing, filtering, and drying, were tested on two calcium carbonate slurries produced from steel converter slag and CO2 by a laboratory-scale pilot facility, with the aim of obtaining a solid product with a low chloride content using a minimum amount of washing water. The order of maximum filtration rates achievable of the calcium carbonate slurries was determined by experimental work. The tests included pressure filtration and vacuum filtration and the test series contained altogether 21 different filtration cycles with varying combinations of filtering, washing, and drying steps. The filtered cakes were analyzed by their residual moisture content, chloride content, and conductivity, and the filtrates by their residual solids content, chloride content, and conductivity. Pressure filtration gave a high capacity (400-460 kg/m 2 h) and a low cake residual moisture content (12-14 wt-%). Vacuum filtration gave slightly higher filtration rates (500-610 kg/m 2 h at the lowest residual chloride contents of the cakes), but the cake residual moisture also stayed higher (25-26 wt-%). As the vacuum filtration tests used a filter cloth with higher permeability than that of the pressure filtration tests, a slightly higher filtration rate was expected. However, both filtration technologies seem suitable for filtering and washing calcium carbonate prepared with the studied method as a residual chloride content as low as 10 ppm of the filtered solids can be achieved with quite a small amount of washing water and the filtration rate is fast.

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Section: Nhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Separation Processes for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Produced with an Innovative Method from Steelmaking Slag and Carbon Dioxide

et al. 2016

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“…Two of the most widespread methods to obtain CaCO 3 are the carbonization of natural dolomite or other calcium-containing raw materials (Chilakala et al 2016;Teir et al 2016) and the chemical precipitation by mixing soluble calcium salts (calcium chloride or nitrate) with sodium carbonate in an aqueous medium (heterogeneous precipitation) (Kawano et al 2009;Ramakrishna et al 2016;Prasetia et al 2017). The sources of calcium can be industrial wastes such as: concrete waste (Van der Zee and Zeman 2016), steel production wastes (Teir et al 2016;Said et al 2013;Mattila and Zevenhoven 2014), spent marble crumb (Erdogan and Eken 2017), soda production wastes (Mikhaylova et al 2004;Molchanov et al 2006), etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of synthesis conditions on the calcium carbonate microparticle properties obtained by homogeneous and heterogeneous precipitation

Arkhypova

Smotraiev

Sorochkina

et al. 2020

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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CaCO 3 microparticles were obtained by chemical precipitation from CaCl 2 solution using Na 2 CO 3 or (NH 4) 2 CO 3 solutions (heterogeneous precipitation) or carbamide (homogeneous precipitation) as precipitation agents. The effects of various experimental conditions, such as the temperature, duration and reagent ratio on the properties of precipitated CaCO 3 were experimentally investigated. It was found that the shape of particles and CaCO 3 polymorphs depended on the precipitation agent and process temperature; the size of particles-on the reagent ratio, the precipitation agent and the deposition time. Biphasic calcite-vaterite spherical microparticles with the highest polydispersity coefficient (K = 0.98 with an average particle size l n ≈ 3 μm) were obtained using Na 2 CO 3 solution as a precipitation agent under low temperature (20 °C). Calcite rhombohedral crystals (l n ≈ 3 μm) were obtained using carbamide at high temperature (100 °C). Increasing the temperature of Na 2 CO 3 and (NH 4) 2 CO 3 solutions (70-100 °C) led to formation of the biphasic aragonite-calcite druses of needle crystals (druses size ≈ 10-30 μm). Increasing the aging time for sediments in the mother liquor up to 1 h did not affect the shape of CaCO 3 particles.

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“…steel manufacturing plants, compared to injection of supercritical CO 2 into geological formations [3]. An average of 350 to 400 kg per tonne of steel (crude steel production worldwide is 1629.60 Mt in 2016), of solid alkaline steel slag is formed, it contains different elements such as calcium and magnesium in oxide forms [4][5][6]. However, steel slag-solid wastes have restricted capacity for carbon sequestration, as they have limited amounts of available metal oxides for the carbonation process compared to natural minerals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of Carbonation Reactor Design Using Multiphysics Models for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate PCC Production

Elzaki¹

2020

IRJIET

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Temperature distributions in the carbonation reactor with an inner diameter of 4.23m and overall length of 7m is numerically modelled. This is motivated by the need to lower overall capital and operating costs, and to optimise the carbonation process performance, simultaneously. In this paper, computational simulations are used to design an industrial scale carbonation reactor 89.72m 3 consisting of an external cooling jacket. Several parameters are varied including reactor's geometry (6 shapes), wall thickness (100, 200, and 300mm), cooling jacket temperature (15, 25, and 35ºC), and material type. These parameters are varied interchangeably to compare temperature probe plots at a point probe (1.5,0) located closer to the cooling jacket region. Simulations in COMSOL ® Multiphysics 5.2a show that partial Carbon Steel AISI 4340 jackets with a 100mm distance, between vessel wall and outside wall of jacket, while operating at ambient temperature range of 20-25ºc, can achieve the required operating temperature i.e. 50±5ºC. Then, the precipitation process of the calcium carbonate (PCC) is maximised. This result in decreased bare materials' capital costs by 95.87% and 97.39% compared to Nickel and Titanium, respectively. The need for cooling the water for the jacket is eliminated, while operating costs are lowered by 25-50% per 10ºC. A simplified experimental setup is proposed to demonstrate the coupling of COMSOL ® simulations with experimental work can be a reliable and an effective method to evaluate the carbonation reactor model design.

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Production of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate from Steel Converter Slag and Other Calcium-Containing Industrial Wastes and Residues

Cited by 25 publications

References 72 publications

Performance of Separation Processes for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Produced with an Innovative Method from Steelmaking Slag and Carbon Dioxide

Performance of Separation Processes for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Produced with an Innovative Method from Steelmaking Slag and Carbon Dioxide

Influence of synthesis conditions on the calcium carbonate microparticle properties obtained by homogeneous and heterogeneous precipitation

Optimisation of Carbonation Reactor Design Using Multiphysics Models for Precipitated Calcium Carbonate PCC Production

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