Production of Secondary Metabolites in Cell and Differentiated Organ Cultures

Walton, Nicholas J.; Alfermann, A. W.; Rhodes, M. J. C.

doi:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0024

Cited by 2 publications

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“…The quality of raw tobacco depends on its chemical composition. Tobacco feed contains more than 70 different substances, but only basic indicators use for evaluation -nicotine, carbohydrates and protein substances [12,13].…”

Section: Sortmentioning

confidence: 99%

New promising variety of tobacco of Ukrainian selection — Berlei 46

Бялковська¹,

Юречко²,

Вельган³

et al. 2020

Visnyk agrarnoi nauky

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Goal. To substantiate the biological and chemical properties, production technology, and economic efficiency of a new promising variety of tobacco Berlei 46 with high resistance to biotic and abiotic factors and good quality of raw materials. Methods. General scientific and special: field, laboratory, selection with the use of induction apomixis, calculation, mathematical-statistical. Laboratory method was used for the determination of the chemical composition of raw tobacco. Apomixis was used in the selection of tobacco and helped to reduce that process on 4-6 years, secured heterosis, identified new and rare micro-features in tobacco, as well as the use of mutants with valuable features in form of the valuable source material. Use of the calculation and mathematical-statistical methods determined economic efficiency of cultivation of new varieties of tobacco Berlei 46 and its advantages over the sort-standard Berlei 38, listed in the State register of plant varieties of Ukraine in 2001. Results. They substantiated biometric, chemical, and economic indices of the new high-yielding variety of tobacco Berlei 46, which was selected by the method of individual selection in populations of intervarietal hybrids Berlei PolishxBanat. Conclusions. A new promising variety of tobacco Berlei 46, listed in the State register of plant varieties of Ukraine in 2017, has significant advantages for biological and productive signs over other varieties (resistant against diseases and pests, stressful weather conditions, high productivity, and quality of raw materials). The main advantage of the new variety Berlei 46 over sort-standard Berlei 38 is the high productivity-up to 31.6 t/ha, marketable quality of raw material-output of top commercial varieties is 90-95%, and the content of nicotine-2.01-2.13%. Berlei 46 is recommended for cultivation in tobacco farms of the Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine.

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Section: Sortmentioning

confidence: 99%

New promising variety of tobacco of Ukrainian selection — Berlei 46

Бялковська¹,

Юречко²,

Вельган³

et al. 2020

Visnyk agrarnoi nauky

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“…Senyawa sekunder pertama yang diproduksi secara komersial dari biak sel adalah shikonin (bahan pewarna dan antiseptik) dari Lithospermum erythrorhizon (Fujita et al, 1982). Meskipun berbagai penelitian telah dilakukan secara intensif, sampai saat ini hanya beberapa senyawa sekunder lain yang telah memasuki tahap komersial antara lain adalah berberine, ginseng, purpurin, paklitaksel (taxol) dan asam rosmarinat (Alfermann & Petersen, 1995;Walton, 1999;Collin, 2001). Masalah utama dalam biak sel tanaman skala besar adalah perimbangan antara kebutuhan akan pengadukan untuk mencampur medium dan mencegah sel-sel menggumpal dengan adanya kenyataan bahwa sel tanaman peka terhadap benturan dengan baling-baling bioreaktor, walaupun beberapa spesies tanaman diketahui tidak terpengaruh (Wilson & Hilton, 1995).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pertumbuhan biak kalus dan suspensi sel tanaman kina (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) Growth of callus and cell suspension cultures of cinchona (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens)

Sumaryono¹,

Riyadi²

2016

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SummaryIn vitro technology of plants can be used topropagate plants and to produce secondarymetabolites with a short and continuousproduction cycle. Callus cultures of cinchona(Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) on solid media andcell cultures in liquid media have beenestablished. Callus could be easily initiated fromvarious explants of cinchona clone CB5, GA22and QRC312. The best callus initiation andproliferation were obtained on a Woody Plant(WP) solid medium supplemented with 15 µMpicloram,0.5 µM BAP and 1 µM phloroglucinol.In this medium the fresh weight of callusincreased by 12 to 14-fold within 5 to 6 weeks.Callus that constantly grew fast was selected as amaterial source for cell suspension cultures. InWP liquid medium with the same composition,the cells remained to grow fast where cell volumeafter sedimentation (CVS) increased by almost4-fold in two weeks. However, repeated sub-cultures decreased cell growth rate. The cellsuspension culture was then scaled-up in a 5-Lbioreactor. The culture medium was the same asin Erlenmeyer flasks. Cells in a bioreactor grewvery slowly, the cell biomass fresh weight andpacked cell volume (PCV) increased by 34% and50% respectively after 21 days of culture,although most of the cells remained viable.RingkasanTeknologi in vitro tanaman dapat digunakanuntuk memperbanyak tanaman dan memproduksisenyawa sekunder dengan siklus sangat singkatdan berkelanjutan. Biak kalus tanaman kina(Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) pada mediumpadat dan biak sel di medium cair telahdikembangkan. Kalus dengan mudah dapatdiinduksi dari berbagai jenis eksplan tanamankina klon CB5, GA22 dan QRC312. Inisiasi danproliferasi kalus terbaik diperoleh pada mediaWoody Plant (WP) padat dengan pikloram 15µM, BAP 0,5 µM dan floroglusinol 1 µM. Padamedium ini bobot basah kalus meningkat 12-14kali lipat dalam waktu 5-6 minggu. Kalus yangtetap tumbuh cepat dipilih sebagai sumber bahanuntuk biak suspensi sel. Dalam medium cair WPdengan komposisi yang sama, sel tetap tumbuhdengan pesat, volume sel setelah pengendapan(CVS) meningkat hampir empat kali lipat dalamwaktu dua minggu. Namun subkultur berulangmenurunkan laju pertumbuhan sel. Skala biaksuspensi sel kemudian diperbesar dalam bio-reaktor kapasitas 5 L. Medium kultur yangdigunakan sama dengan medium pada labuErlenmeyer. Pertumbuhan sel dalam bioreaktorsangat lambat, bobot basah sel dan packed cellvolume (PCV) hanya bertambah berturut-turutsebesar 34% dan 50% setelah 21 hari dalamkultur, walaupun sebagian besar sel tetap viabel.

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Production of Secondary Metabolites in Cell and Differentiated Organ Cultures

Abstract: The sections in this article areIntroductionProduction of Natural Products by Plant Cell CulturesDifferentiated Organ CulturesOutlook

Cited by 2 publications

References 149 publications

New promising variety of tobacco of Ukrainian selection — Berlei 46

New promising variety of tobacco of Ukrainian selection — Berlei 46

Pertumbuhan biak kalus dan suspensi sel tanaman kina (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens) Growth of callus and cell suspension cultures of cinchona (Cinchona ledgeriana Moens)

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