Production rate and composition of cerumen: Influence of sex and season

Cipriani, Carla; Taborelli, G; Gaddia, G.; Melagrana, A.; Rebora, Alfredo

doi:10.1288/00005537-199003000-00012

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This fi nding is comparable to those of Cipirani et al [11] who observed no sex difference in the production of cerumen and Jacobsen [12] who observed that the decline in sebum production as age advances is almost same in males and females. But at the same time in the study conducted by Chiang [13], it was inferred that there are striking sex differences in the production of sebum as infl uenced by hormonal stimuli.…”

Section: Sexsupporting

confidence: 89%

A comparative study of ceruminolytic agents

Nair

Golhar

Baisakhiya

et al. 2009

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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A prospective study was done to access the efficacy of ceruminolytic agents, i.e 2% paradichlorobenzene, 10% sodium bicarbonate, 2.5% acetic acid and normal saline. All score 4 hard impacted ear wax cases in the adult population (>20 years) were accrued for the assessment of the relative efficacy. Upon analyzing the comparative efficacy of four ceruminolytic agents, by taking into consideration three parameters (post) ceruminolytic cerumen score, attempts of syringing required to extrude the cerumen mass, post-ceruminolytic use and appearance of the removed cerumen mass. 2% paradichlorobenzene emerged as the most superior ceruminolytic, closely followed by 10% sodium bicarbonate. 2.5% acetic acid fared moderately while normal saline emerged as the least efficacious ceruminolytic agent.

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Section: Sexsupporting

confidence: 89%

A comparative study of ceruminolytic agents

Nair

Golhar

Baisakhiya

et al. 2009

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

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“…This has been attributed to the larger and coarser hairs in the external auditory canal of males. However many studies [8,9,10] did not find any significant difference in the sex incidence of cerumen impaction.…”

Section: Results:-mentioning

confidence: 93%

Ear Wax Removal: Comparative Study of Eficacy and Associated Complications of Distilled Water, Normal Saline and 2% Para Dichlorobenzene.

Ali¹,

Mahajan²,

Ashraf³

2017

IJAR

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Excessive ear wax can lead to symptoms such as hearing loss, tinnitus, itching, vertigo, and pain. There are many treatment options available for removal of impacted ear wax. The ceruminolytic effect of distilled water and 2% para-dichlorobenzene ear drops has been compared in this study. Aims & Objective: (1) To compare the ceruminolytic effect of distilled water,normal saline and commercially available 2% paradichlorobenzene ear drops; (2) To observe and analyze the complications during the usage of these agents. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients who attended the ENT OPD and were diagnosed to have impacted ear wax completely occluding the ear canal were included in the study. They were divided into three groupsGroup A,Group B and Group C. Group A patients were advised to use distilled water as ear drops, Group B patients were advised to use normal saline as ear drops and Group C were adcised to use comercailly available 2% para-dichlorobenzene ear drops. Results: From the results it is clear that using distilled water and normal saline as ear drops does lead to significantly more complications and pain during removal than 2% Para dichlorobenzene ear drops. The results also point that removal becomes significantly easier when distilled water and normal saline is used compared to 2% Para dichlorobenzene. No statistically significant difference has been noted in the number of attempts required to achieve complete removal between the two groups. Complications included perforation, canal lacerations, and failure of wax removal. The removal of occlusive wax improved hearing by a mean of 5 dB over the frequencies analysed. Conclusion: The results indicate that the usage of distilled water and normal saline on a regular basis as a ceruminolytic ear drop cannot be recommended.Copy Right, IJAR, 2017,. All rights reserved. …………………………………………………………………………………………………….... Introduction:-Cerumen or ear wax is a mixture of the glandular secretions from the lateral third of the ear canal and exfoliated squamous epithelium. It lubricates the ear canal, acts as a trap for dust, hair and insects. Normally cerumen is eliminated or expelled by self-cleansing mechanism which causes it to migrate out of the ear canal assisted by jaw movements . [1]

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“…Glandular secretions from the hair in the canal also mix and forms sticky substance known as cerumen. [1,2] The wax produced forms a physiological barrier between the external environment and deep external auditory canal. Chemical composition of wax has also been believed to have antibacterial and antifungal properties, though this is under controversy, as some authors suggest that wax has rich level of nutrients which aid in microbial growth rather than inhibit it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-microbial properties of human wax

Prasad¹,

Mohan²

2014

Int J Med Sci Public Health

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Background: Human wax is a mixture of desquamated keratinocytes secreted in outer third of the wall of external auditory canal. The wax produced forms a physiological barrier between the external environment and deep external auditory canal. The antibacterial and antifungal properties of human wax due to its chemical composition have raised considerable debate. Different authors have different views regarding the antimicrobial property of human wax. Aims & Objective: Present study was undertaken to study the antimicrobial property of human wax and to assess its preventive actions against some common flora. Material and Methods: A prospective study of healthy individuals, both males and females, of all age groups, without any pathology in the external and middle auditory canal who presented at outpatient department of a tertiary care hospital in this region and few other private hospitals. Samples were collected from patients and studied for their antimicrobial effect. Results were recorded and analysed. Results: A total of 100 cases were included in the study, of which 52 sterile samples were tested with some common microbial flora. Data obtained was analysed. Conclusion: Variable results have been observed by different authors regarding antimicrobial properties of human wax. Our study highlights the antimicrobial property of human wax and signifies the role of further studies for antibacterial and antifungal role of human wax in diseased auditory canals.

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Production rate and composition of cerumen: Influence of sex and season

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

A comparative study of ceruminolytic agents

A comparative study of ceruminolytic agents

Ear Wax Removal: Comparative Study of Eficacy and Associated Complications of Distilled Water, Normal Saline and 2% Para Dichlorobenzene.

Anti-microbial properties of human wax

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