Productivity of Production Factors in Horticultural Farms in Poland in the Years 2004-2014

Abstract

The objective of the study was to assess the productivity of horticultural production factors in Poland in the years 2004- 2014. The general characteristics of horticultural holdings in Poland were determined, including the productivity of labor and capital, as well as the productivity of land per hectare of UAA. The average farm size increased by 6% on average in the period 2006-2014 and reached 6 hectares in 2014. It was found that in the horticultural farms the productivity of all factors of production in nominal terms increased. In real terms, labor productivity decreased by about 16.6%, capital productivity remained at the same level, and land productivity decreased by more than 52.3%. The production value for 1 AWU was 81,000 in 2014, for 1 ha 38 thous. zł, and for 1 zł of assets 0.38 zł. The observed tendencies of changes in factor productivity and income levels indicate that the scale of production, including farm size, is needed to grow in order to maintain the viability of farms.

Labor Efficiency and Changes in Selected Relations of Production Factors in Agriculture in Poland

“…The following diagnostic variables were used for analysis: (1) the value of gross agricultural output per one employed in agriculture, (2) technical work equipment -the gross value of fixed assets in agriculture per one employed in agriculture, (3) the number of people working in agriculture per 100 hectares of agricultural land (AL), (4) technical equipment of agricultural land -the gross value of fixed assets in agriculture per 1 hectare of AL. The choice of diagnostic variables came from the fact that the efficiency of using labor in agriculture is one of the most important indicators determining the competitiveness of agriculture [Filipiak 2017, Kusz, Misiak 2017. Low work performance results in low farmer income, limited capital accumulation capacity and, in the long run, the inhibition of development processes.…”

Konwergencja efektywności ekonomicznej w gospodarstwach rolnych Wielkopolski

“…Przykładowo w województwach o lepszej strukturze agrarnej obserwuje się trwale wyższe inwestycje i lepsze wyniki ekonomiczne gospodarstw (Wiza 2020(Wiza , 2021. Jako rozwiązanie problemu niskich dochodów z gospodarstw wskazuje się wzrost skali produkcji i inwestycje umożliwiające substytucję pracy kapitałem (Filipiak 2018, Kusz 2018, Komorowska 2020. Tylko przy produkcji, gdzie konieczna jest bezpośrednia praca ludzka, możliwe jest utrzymanie pracochłonnych technik wytwórczych o ile ceny rynkowe produkcji dają szansę osiągania dochodu z takiej produkcji (Nowak 2020, Filipiak, Wicki 2021.…”

“…Inwestycjom sprzyjała relatywnie dobra koniunktura w rolnictwie oraz dostępność środków na inwestycje w ramach działań wspólnej polityki rolnej (Grzelak 2016, Wicki 2015b). Oznaczać to może także przeinwestowanie (inwestowanie luksusowe) lub inwestowanie wyprzedzające w przewidywaniu rozwoju gospodarstwa (Filipiak 2018).…”

Size vs Effectiveness of Agricultural Farms

“…Despite this increase, absolute differences in farm labor productivity between EU member states will keep growing [Wicki 2012]. For instance, for the conditions of Małopolska, it has been determined that the average farm size would have to increase twice in order to let labor at these farms be sufficient to serve as the only source of family income [Basaj 2009], although certain types of small farms also achieve high labor productivity [Mikołajczyk 2011, Filipiak 2017.…”