Produtividade da soja em associação ao fungo micorrízico arbuscular Rhizophagus clarus cultivada em condições de campo

Abstract

RESUMOA soja é fundamental para o progresso do agronegócio, porém sua produtividade pode ser afetada pelas mudanças climáticas. Assim, alternativas que aumentem o rendimento das plantas em condições adversas são fundamentais, e os fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMA) destacam-se, pois, associam-se as raízes das plantas aumentando a absorção de água e nutrientes. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade de plantas de soja a campo experimental em associação com o FMA Rhizophagus clarus sob condição de sistema irrigado e não irrigado. Ao final, avaliou-se parâmetros agronômicos e de simbiose com o FMA. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas, as médias obtidas foram submetidas à análise de variância e comparadas pelo teste Tukey (5%), utilizando software SISVAR. Plantas de soja quando associadas com FMA e cultivadas em condição não irrigada, obtiveram maior produtividade do que plantas no sistema irrigado, além de peso de 1000 grãos. Desta forma, conclui-se que a inoculação beneficia a produtividade da soja em condições de sistema não irrigado. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: produtividade de grãos, micorriza, colonização. ABSTRACTSoybeans are key to agribusiness progress, but their production can be affected by climate change. Thus, alternatives that increase the yield of the plants under adverse conditions are fundamental, and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (FMA) stand out. Therefore, they associate the roots of the plants, increasing the absorption of water and nutrients. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate soybean yield in the field experiment in association with FMA Rhizophagus clarus under conditions of irrigated and nonirrigated system. In the end, agronomic and symbiosis parameters were evaluated with FMA. The experimental design was in randomized blocks with subdivided plots, the means obtained were submitted to analysis of variance and compared by the Tukey test (5%), using SISVAR software. Soybean plants when associated with FMA and cultivated in non-irrigated conditions, obtained higher productivity than plants in the irrigated system and weight of 1000 grains. In this way, it is concluded that inoculation benefits soybean yield under non-irrigated system conditions.

Mycorrhizal fungi arbuscular in forage grasses cultivated in Cerrado soil

“…Because it is the same soil, the variation in mycorrhizal colonization values is explained by the physiological differences of plants and not fungi. This behavior can be observed when comparing forage plants, such as Megathyrsus maximus and Brachiaria brizanta, which presented similar colonization rates, regardless of cultivar [38][39][40] . www.nature.com/scientificreports/ Table 2 shows the genera identified in the soil of the grasses investigated.…”

Morphophysiological aspects of bean plants cultivated with natural reactive phosphate and solubilizing and growth promoting microorganisms

“…Most of these effects are due to the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which increase the contact area of plant roots with the soil, allowing greater P absorption (WANG et al, 2012), and, consequently, greater growth and growth. plant productivity, as already described for maize (ALMAGRABI & ABDELMONEIM, 2012), chickpeas (PELLEGRINO & BEDINI, 2014), soybean (OLIVEIRA et al, 2019) and cotton (GAO et al, 2020) plants. In addition, the interaction between bacterial and fungal microorganisms with phosphate sources allowed an increase in the total dry matter of sugarcane and greater efficiency of reactive phosphate (GUIMIERE et al, 2019).…”

“…They also act in the decomposition of organic matter and in the mineralization and availability of nutrients for plants (BONFIM et al, 2011;OLIVEIRA et al, 2021). The synergistic effect of the plant with the microorganisms can be expressed by the plant growth rates, since the increase in the efficiency of phosphorus use indicates the solubilization of aluminum, calcium and iron metal-cation complexes precipitated and fixed in the soil (OLIVEIRA et al 2019;ESTESAMI, 2020). Most of these effects are due to the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which increase the contact area of plant roots with the soil, allowing greater P absorption (WANG et al, 2012), and, consequently, greater growth and growth.…”

Dinámica estacional de micorrizas arbusculares y hongos septados endofíticos oscuros en asociación con raíces de Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.

“…Los arbúsculos son estructuras activas típicas de la asociación micorrízica arbuscular. El micelio de los HMA y de los HOS son estructuras filamentosas características en la etapa vegetativa de la mayoría de los hongos que conectan la planta con el suelo y que parecen tener relevancia en la sobrevivencia de las plantas en condiciones de elevado estrés ambiental (George et al 1992, Smith & Read 2008, Tahtamouni et al 2016, De Oliveira et al 2019, Quiroga et al 2020. La acumulación de lípidos en el micelio hialino indica que los HOS están involucrados en la translocación del carbono con su hospedero (Barrow & Aaltonen 2001).…”