Profile of Myxobolus infection in koi fish (Cyprinus carpio) gill tissue from Land Pond, Nglegok, Blitar Regency

Abstract

Koi (Cyprinus carpio) hatchery and aquaculture sector is highly beneficial as it is one of the Indonesian and international superior commodity. However, Koi are susceptible to pests and diseases. One of the diseases is Myxobolusis which is caused by the Myxobolus sp. parasite. The clinical symptom of Myxobolusis are lumps (boils) on the gills and cloudy reddish fluid secretion similar to pus. This research aims to determine the infection profile of Myxobolus through histology observation on gill tissue damage of koi cultivated in a ground pond. This research uses a descriptive method and a quantitative approach. This research observes the gill tissue damage of koi collected from the ground pond of Nglegok, Blitar Regency. The researcher observes the type of damage using a microscope with a magnification of 400x. This research uses a scoring method to assess the damage. Based on the result of histopathological observation, the infected fish exhibits oedema, haemorrhage, hyperplasia, lamellar fusion, and vacuolization. The percentage (%) of tissue damage in Myxobolus infected koi are 72%, 33%, 77%, 75% and 52% respectively. The average score shows moderate to severe damage levels. The observation result on water quality parameter (temperature, pH, DO, and CO2), as supporting parameter in water quality management, shows a tolerable condition and is not the primary cause of Myxobolus sp. infection. However, the transmission of infection may occur due to the presence of other organisms that act as Myxobolus sp. host.

Blood glucose profile as a rapid method for observing Koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) health status - case study of ectoparasites in Blitar, Indonesia

“…In June 2020, the koi production area in Blitar was attacked by a fish disease. Many studies reported that extreme parasites attacked the koi carp in Blitar ( Maftuch et al, 2018 ; Soelistyoadi et al, 2020 ; Yanuhar et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, the parasite case in Blitar caused mortality reaching 90% ( Yanuhar et al, 2021 ).…”

“…Many studies reported that extreme parasites attacked the koi carp in Blitar ( Maftuch et al, 2018 ; Soelistyoadi et al, 2020 ; Yanuhar et al, 2021 ). Furthermore, the parasite case in Blitar caused mortality reaching 90% ( Yanuhar et al, 2021 ). The infected fish became weak, experienced less motion, pale color, decreased appetite, and mortality occurred.…”

Water Quality in Koi Fish (Cyprinus carpio) Concrete Ponds with Filtration in Nglegok District, Blitar Regency

“…The Minapolitan program has been running in Blitar Regency since 2011, centered in Nglegok District. Blitar Regency is one of the centers of koi fish in Indonesia [2,3]. Koi fish farming in Blitar has been started in 1983 and has progressed and become a very promising new business area for fish cultivators and investors [4].…”

“…The high content of organic matter in the waters is still one of the crucial problems in koi fish cultivation. This condition is the main cause of pathogenic infection [2,15]. Especially attention to the importance of water quality in most farmer communities is still not enough.…”

“…The traditional pond is still used by most of the Nglegok people because the land is quite large. Also, river water flows are used as the main source for irrigation to aquaculture ponds to reduce production costs [2,16]. Some others have used a filtration pond system with aeration.…”