Profile of utero-cervical lesions in peri- & post-menopausal women in Kumaon Region of Uttarakhand: An Institutional study

Abstract

INTRODUCTION PAP smear is an important tool which compliment histopathology in detection of various cervical lesions. Since last few decades, it is becoming easy and cost-effective way for early detection of pre-cancerous and cancerous cervical lesions. AIMS/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to evaluate the utero-cervical lesions in peri-& post-menopausal age group by Pap smear method; to study the distribution of cervical lesions and to correlate cytology with histopathology wherever available. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted at pathology department of GMC, HALDWANI. It comprised of 324 cases of PAP smear of women with complaints pertaining to cervix over a period of two years.. PAP smear results were reported according to 'The Bethesda system' (TBS), followed by cervical biopsy and surgically resected specimens, wherever available. RESULTS: Total 324 cases were evaluated on pap smear cytology. The most of the cases comprised of peri and post menopausal age group (141women,43.52%) while only 16 women (4.96%) are over 65 years. Most common symptom was lower abdominal pain (100 cases; 30.87%). The cervical lesions were categorized as: 14 (4.32%) cases unsatisfactory, 231 (71.30%) cases benign /inflammatory, 60 (18.52%) cases normal, 15 (4.63%) cases of pre-malignant and 4 (1.23%) cases of malignant category. On histopathological examination, maximum 59 (68.61%) cases were inflammatory, 7 (8.14%) cases were pre-malignant and 20 (23.25%) cases were malignant. CONCLUSION: Our study concluded that the pap smear examination is a useful technique to find the cause of cervical lesions. It is easy to perform, minimally invasive, outdoor procedure that gives quick results and should be followed at all the centers.

Diagnostic utility of pap smear and visual inspection of acetic acid for the detection of various cervical lesions

“…Various researchers had done studies to evaluate the efficiency of pap smear cytology for the diagnosis of non-neoplastic and neoplastic cervical lesions. 14,15 In the current study, sensitivity of the pap smear was found to be 90.16%, which indicates pap smear was correctly able to diagnose 90.16% cases of neoplastic cervical lesions, while the specificity was found to be 85.22%, which indicates its ability to correctly diagnose 85.22% cases of non-neoplastic cervical lesions. Our study also revealed PPV and NPV of the pap smear was 89.43% and 86.2%, respectively (Table 2).…”

Cytomorphological study of pap smear and its efficacy to detect various cervical lesions

“…9,10 Previously, various studies had been done to assess the diagnostic efficacy of pap smears for the diagnosis of various cervical lesions. [22][23][24] In our study, sensitivity and specificity of pap smears for the diagnosis of neoplastic cervical lesions was 70.54% and 81.9% respectively, while PPV and NPV were 82.72% and 69.35% respectively (Table 4). These findings are in agreement with those reported by previous researchers 4,13,16,18 (Tables 4 and 6).…”