Profiling psychiatric cases evaluated in the general hospital emergency room

Steadman, Henry J.; Braff, Jeraldine; Morrissey, J

doi:10.1007/bf01064289

Psych Quart

1988

DOI: 10.1007/bf01064289

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Profiling psychiatric cases evaluated in the general hospital emergency room

Henry J. Steadman

Jeraldine Braff²,

J Morrissey³

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Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…have sometimes argued that many persons referred by police do not meet requirements in the mental health codes for involuntary treatment (2). This issue is a serious one because many individuals referred by the police refuse voluntary services (4).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Specialized Crisis Response Site as a Core Element of Police-Based Diversion Programs

Steadman¹,

Stainbrook²,

Griffin³

et al. 2001

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Transporting an individual in psychiatric crisis to an emergency department is often frustrating for both law enforcement and mental health professionals. To facilitate collaboration between police and mental heath professionals in crisis cases, some communities have developed prebooking diversion programs that rely on specialized crisis response sites where police can drop off individuals in psychiatric crisis and return to their regular patrol duties. These programs identify detainees with mental disorders and work with diversion staff, community-based providers, and the courts to produce a mental health disposition in lieu of jail. This paper describes three of the diversion programs participating in the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration jail diversion knowledge development application initiative that demonstrate the importance of specialized crisis response sites. The three programs are in Memphis, Tennessee; Montgomery County, Pennsylvania; and Multnomah County, Oregon. The authors describe important principles in the operation of these programs: being a highly visible, single point of entry; having a no-refusal policy and streamlined intake for police cases; establishing legal foundations to detain certain individuals; ensuring innovative, intensive cross-training; and linking clients to community services.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Specialized Crisis Response Site as a Core Element of Police-Based Diversion Programs

Steadman¹,

Stainbrook²,

Griffin³

et al. 2001

Self Cite

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“…Some authors have assumed that police referrals to emergency rooms represent an effort to hospitalize people who are really criminals (9,10). Steadman and associates (8,11…”

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Police Referral to Psychiatric Emergency Services and Its Effect on Disposition Decisions

Watson¹,

Segal²,

Newhill³

1993

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Objective: Some clinicians and researchers have questioned the appropriateness of police referrals to psychiatric emergency services and have suggested that police exercise undue influence on hospital admission decisions. The purpose of this study was to test these assertions. Methods:Research clinicians in nine emergency services in California observed staff evaluations of 112 cases and rated patients' symptom severity, danger to self or others, and grave disability. They also reviewed the criminal justice records of these patients both before and for 18 months after the index evaluation. A total of 186 patients referred by police were compared with 577 patients not referred by police.Results: Patients brought by police were more likely to be subsequently hospitalized, but they were also more psychiatrically disturbed. They were more dangerous to others and more gravely disabled. They were no more likely to have a criminal record than patients not referred by police. Conclusions:Police did not exercise undue influence on dispositions nor were the patients they brought in more "criminal" than others.Police officers have been called the primary referral source for psychiatric assistance in the community (1,2) and are among the most important providers of front-line crisis intervention, particularly for poor and underprivileged persons (3,4). To understand how emergency room personnel make decisions to hospitalize persons with psychiatric disorders, several authors have investigated referrals by police officers and have reported that a large proportion of such admissions are police referrals (5,6). Some authors have even suggested that police exercise undue influence over admission decisions (7). Psychiatric emergency service staff often view patients referred by police as "their most undesirable cases: hostile, aggressive young males" (8). Some authors have assumed that police referrals to emergency rooms represent an effort to hospitalize people who are really criminals (9,10). Steadman and associates (8,11

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Comparing Outcomes of Major Models of Police Responses to Mental Health Emergencies

Steadman¹,

Deane²,

Borum³

et al. 2000

334

261

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Profiling psychiatric cases evaluated in the general hospital emergency room

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

A Specialized Crisis Response Site as a Core Element of Police-Based Diversion Programs

A Specialized Crisis Response Site as a Core Element of Police-Based Diversion Programs

Police Referral to Psychiatric Emergency Services and Its Effect on Disposition Decisions

Comparing Outcomes of Major Models of Police Responses to Mental Health Emergencies

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