Profound Hypothermia Protects Neurons and Astrocytes, and Preserves Cognitive Functions in a Swine Model of Lethal Hemorrhage1

Putting Life On Hold—For How Long? Profound Hypothermic Cardiopulmonary Bypass in a Swine Model of Complex Vascular Injuries

“…8,9 We have also shown that maximum survival benefit is achieved when hypothermia is induced very rapidly (2°C/min), 10 to a target core temperature of 10°C, 11 and reversed slowly at a rate of 0.5°C/min. 12 Rapid cooling preserves various cell types in the central nervous system, 13 while providing some immunologic advantages. 14 Importantly, induction of hypothermia does not seem to increase septic and bleeding complications from hollow organ and solid organ injuries, respectively.…”

Whole Body Periodic Acceleration (pGz) Improves Survival and Allows for Resuscitation in a Model of Severe Hemorrhagic Shock in Pigs

“…In rodents hydrogen sulfide induced suspended animation has been used successfully in HS [61,62], but recent reports using intravenous hydrogen sulfide in a HS model in pigs was unable to demonstrate the hypothermia-inducing effects or a reduction in oxygen consumption [63]. Hypothermia-induced suspended animation has been used successfully in large animal models of HS and the results are promising [64][65][66][67][68][69]. Both hydrogen sulfide-and temperature-induced suspended animation share a decrease in total body oxygen consumption and regulation of mitochondrial respiration as one of their biological effects [70][71][72][73][74].…”

Hypothermia in multisystem trauma

“…Animals had a Ͼ75% longterm survival rate and normal cognitive functions (105). Normothermic control animals had histologically abnormal brains, but hypothermic animals displayed no abnormalities in critical brain regions such as the hippocampus (106). In further studies, we have determined that to achieve the best results, profound hypothermia must be induced rapidly at 2°C per minute (107), but rewarming should be slower-0.5°C per minute (108).…”