Prognosis and Immune Infiltration of Chromobox Family Genes in Sarcoma

Zhou, Jian; Chen, Ziyuan; Zou, Ming Xiang; Wan, Rongjun; Wu, Tong; Wu, Gen Sheng; Wang, Wanchun

doi:10.3389/fonc.2021.657595

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The CBXs family were reported to participate in the tumor progression and the several immune cells infiltration in various cancer types, thus affecting patient prognosis and therapy (Chen et al, 2019;Zhou et al, 2021). In this study, we applied TIMER2.0 to explore the correlation between the individual CBXs family members and the immune infiltration of ovarian cancer.…”

Section: Immune Infiltration Levels Of the Cbxs Family In Ovarian Cancer Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value and Therapeutic Potential of CBX Family Members in Ovarian Cancer

Yao

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Background: Ovarian cancer (OV) is one of the common malignant tumors and has a poor prognosis. Chromobox (CBX) family proteins are critical components of epigenetic regulation complexes that repress target genes transcriptionally via chromatin modification. Some studies have investigated the function specifications among several CBXs members in multiple cancer types, however, little is known about the functions and prognostic roles of distinct CBXs family proteins in ovarian cancer.Methods: In this study, several bioinformatics databases and in vitro experiments were used to analyze the expression profiles, prognostic values, and therapeutic potential of the CBXs family (CBX1-8) in ovarian cancer.Results: It was found that higher expression of CBX3/8 and lower expression of CBX1/6/7 were detected in OV tissues. CBX2/4/5/8 were significantly correlated with individual cancer stages of OV. The expression of CBX1/2/3 were all significantly associated with worse overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) for OV patients, whereas the expression of other five CBXs members showed either irrelevant (CBX5 and CBX8) or inconsistent (CBX4, CBX6, and CBX7) results for both OS and PFS in OV. These results showed that only CBX3 had consistent results in expression and prognosis. Further cell experiments also showed that CBX3 promoted the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. CBX3 was highly expressed in chemoresistant OV tissues. These results indicated that CBX3 was the most likely prognostic indicator and new therapeutic target in OV. Furthermore, gene enrichment analysis suggests that the CBXs family was primarily involved in mast cell activation and mast cell mediated immunity. Individual CBXs members were associated with varying degrees of the infiltration of immune cells, especially B cells. Finally, a high genetic alteration rate of CBXs family (39%) was observed in OV. The low methylation status of CBX3/8 in OV may be associated with their high expression levels.Conclusions: Taken together, these findings exhibited the pivotal value of CBXs family members (especially CBX3) in the prognosis and chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. Our results may provide new insight to explore new prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ovarian cancer.

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Section: Immune Infiltration Levels Of the Cbxs Family In Ovarian Cancer Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic Value and Therapeutic Potential of CBX Family Members in Ovarian Cancer

Yao

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Emerging evidence supported that immune cell levels were correlated with tumorigenesis and progression in multiple tumor types [7,22]. In this analysis, through the TIMER2.0, we investigated the correlations between different CBX members and immune cell infiltration levels in GBM.…”

Section: Immune Cell Infiltration Of Cbxs In Patients With Gbmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the identification of novel biomarkers for enhancing prognosis and individualized treatment effectively is of great significance. So far, eight CBX family members (CBX1-8) have been found in mammalian cells [6,7]. They are all participated in cell cycle regulation transcriptional repression, heterochromatin, and apoptosis [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression profile and prognostic values of Chromobox family members in human glioblastoma

Zhou

et al. 2022

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadly malignant primary brain tumor. Chromobox (CBX) family proteins are essential components of the epigenetic regulatory complex and are involved in the occurrence and development of various cancers. However, the roles of CBX members in GBM is little known. In this analysis, we synthesized several mainstream bioinformatics databases to comprehensively explore the expression profiles, prognostic implications, genetic alterations, immune infiltration, and potential biological functions of the CBXs in GBM, and cell experiments were also conducted to investigate the role of CBX8 in GBM. We found that the elevated mRNA expression of CBX2/3/5/8 and reduced mRNA expression of CBX6/7 were found in GBM. The protein levels of CBX2/3/5/8 were elevated in GBM tissues, whereas the protein levels of CBX6/7 showed no significant difference. The upregulated expression of CBX2/3/8 was found to be both correlated with the tumor grade and recurrent status. The overexpression of CBX3/8 and underexpression of CBX6 mRNA were associated with the poor prognosis. These findings suggested that CBX3 and CBX8 might be useful diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in GBM. Further cell experiment results supported that CBX8 promoted the proliferation of glioma cells. Moreover, a high genetic alteration rate of CBXs (37%) was found in GBM and to varying degrees. The expression of CBXs was significantly related to the immune cells infiltration. CBX7 methylation level was significantly increased in GBM tissues. Our results may provide novel ideas to find potential prognostic markers and new therapeutic targets among CBX family members in glioblastoma.

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“…Immune cells in TME may play tumor-promoting and suppressive roles, thereby influencing the clinical outcome ( Yang et al, 2019 ). The CBX family members have been reported to contribute to the infiltration of immune cells in various cancers ( Li Q et al, 2020 ; Zhou et al, 2021 ). In our study, we showed that the CBX family members’ expression could be significantly related to the infiltration of immune cells in ESCA, indicating that CBXs might also affect the immune status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Validation of Chromobox Family Members as Potential Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Human Esophageal Cancer

et al. 2022

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Background: Chromobox family proteins (CBXs) are vital components of epigenetic regulation complexes and transcriptionally inhibit target genes by modifying the chromatin. Accumulating evidence indicates that CBXs are involved in the initiation and progression of multiple malignancies. However, the expression, function, and clinical relevance such as the prognostic and diagnostic values of different CBXs in esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) are still unclear.Methods: We applied Oncomine, TCGA, GEO, GEPIA, UALCAN, Kaplan–Meier plotter, cBioPortal, Metascape, and TIMER to investigate the roles of CBX family members in ESCA. Additionally, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR), western blot, and immunofluorescence were used to verify the expression of CBX family members in ESCA clinical samples.Results: Compared with normal tissues, the mRNA expression levels of CBX1/3/8 were significantly increased in ESCA, whereas CBX7 mRNA expression was reduced in both the TCGA cohort and GEO cohort. In the TCGA cohort, ROC curves suggested that CBX1/2/3/4/8 had great diagnostic value in ESCA, and the AUCs were above 0.9. Furthermore, upregulation of CBX1/3/8 and downregulation of CBX7 were closely related to the clinicopathological parameters in ESCA patients, such as tumor grades, tumor nodal metastasis status, and TP53 mutation status. The survival analysis indicated that higher CBX1/3/8 mRNA expressions and lower CBX7 expression suggested an unfavorable prognosis in ESCA. High genetic change rate (52%) of CBXs was found in ESCA patients. Functions and pathways of mutations in CBXs and their 50 frequently altered neighbor genes in ESCA patients were investigated; the results showed that DNA repair and DNA replication were correlated to CBX alterations. Moreover, we found a significant correlation between the expression level of CBX family members and the infiltration of immune cells in ESCA. Finally, we verified the expression of CBX family members in clinical samples and found the results were consistent with the databases.Conclusion: Our study implied that CBX1/3/7/8 are potential targets of precision therapy for ESCA patients and new biomarkers for the prognosis.

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Prognosis and Immune Infiltration of Chromobox Family Genes in Sarcoma

Cited by 12 publications

References 46 publications

Prognostic Value and Therapeutic Potential of CBX Family Members in Ovarian Cancer

Prognostic Value and Therapeutic Potential of CBX Family Members in Ovarian Cancer

Expression profile and prognostic values of Chromobox family members in human glioblastoma

Identification and Validation of Chromobox Family Members as Potential Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Human Esophageal Cancer

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