Prognosis of esophageal cancers preoperatively staged to be locally invasive (T4) by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS): a multicenter retrospective cohort study

Endoscopic Ultrasound Staging of Esophageal Cancer: Assuming Responsibility

“…EUS can also predict tumor-free resection margins. Furthermore, the finding of tumor invasion into the mediastinum is associated with a uniformly poor prognosis (16). These studies strongly support the use of EUS clinically to predict the outcome of patients with esophageal cancer.…”

Cancer of Oesophagus or Gastricus – New Assessment of Technology of Endosonography (COGNATE): report of pragmatic randomised trial

“…Fockens et al 113,164 have reported that in oesophageal carcinoma pleural involvement adjacent to the tumour is still physically resectable by removing the tumour en bloc with the overlying pleura; however the outcome for patients after surgical resection was no different from those not treated surgically. This was also evident in an American study by Chak et al 165 However not all surgeons accept the lack of benefit for surgery in T4 as long as there is a learning curve in the interpretation of EUS in T4 disease in the oesophagus. For example Fockens et al 113 reported that EUS underestimated T stage in 28 of a new EUS unit's first 100 examinations, and overestimated T stage in 14.…”

La ecografía endoscópica en la estadificación del carcinoma de esófago

“…La ecoendoscopia supera a la ecografía, la tomografía computarizada (TC), la resonancia magnética (RM) y la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET) en la estadificación locorregional del carcinoma esofágico antes y después del tratamiento, aunque el grado de estenosis puede limitar la técnica [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . La precisión de la estadificación mediante USE ha quedado demostrada en estudios que han empleado muestras operatorias 26 .…”