Prognosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas with special emphasis on the staging classification

Abstract

The prognosis of the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas is determined by 1. the pattern of origin and spread which can be demonstrated in a staging classification, 2, the histopathological type, and 3. the effectiveness and scope of the treatment methods, particularly radio- and chemo-therapy. In the following paper the Ann Arbor Classification, which was originally conceived of for both disease groups (Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas), is discussed particularly with respect to the applicability and prognostic evaluation for the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The Ann Arbor Classification may in essence reflect the oncological characteristics of the non-Hodgkin's accurately; there are, however, a number of findings with qualitative and quantitative differences which defy integration into the Ann Arbor Classification. The qualitative differences consist of the differing lymphatic and extralymphatic origins and their consequence for spread and prognosis. The quantitative differences refer to the varying patterns of distribution of the different stages of spreading, whereby the dissemination stages in the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are more dependent on the histological form than is the case with the Hodgkin's lymphomas, and thus must play a greater role in the prognostic evaluation and indication for treatment. Suggestions have been made for a modification of the Ann Arbor Staging Classification for the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Primary gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: Clinical data predicted treatment outcome

“…Lymphomas were staged clinically by the Ann Arbor system modified by Musshoff and Schmidt-Vollmer and by Rohatiner [11,12] . Staging procedures included recording of the patients' physical examination, ileocolonoscopy, together with upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy, small bowel and chest radiography, abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, Waldeyer's ring examination with endoscopy and biopsies or CT scan, and bone marrow biopsy.…”

Novel prognostic scoring system for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

“…Patients who had a previous history of malignancy, immunosuppression or previous treatment were excluded from the study. The available clinical parameters included age, gender, germinal center B-cell-like or non-germinal center B-cell-like disease, systemic B symptoms, Ann Arbor stage (15), IPI or aaIPI, hemoglobin (HGB), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), absolute monocyte count (AMC), absolute neutrophil count (NEUT), PLT, serum albumin, serum lactate dehydrogenase level (LDH: Normal range 114-285 U/l), β 2 -microglobulin (β2m: Normal range 0.97-2.64 mg/l). The cell of origin was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.…”

The importance of endoscopic ultrasonography in the management of low‐grade gastric mucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma

“…Thereafter, all patients underwent baseline endoscopy with gastric mucosal biopsies and endoscopic ultrasonography of the stomach. Lymphomas were staged clinically by the Ann Arbor system as modified by Musshoff and Schmidt-Vollmer 28 and Rohatiner et al 29 ( Table 1). …”