Prognostic factors for return to work of employees with common mental disorders: a meta-analysis of cohort studies

Nigatu, Yeshambel T.; Liu, Yan; Uppal, M.; McKinney, Shelby; Gillis, Katherine; Rao, Sanjay; Wang, JianLi

doi:10.1007/s00127-017-1402-0

Cited by 49 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Also, job demands and job resources were not significantly correlated with RTW-intention. This contradicts findings from the literature [5] and suggests that the study participants already felt disconnected to the job and perceived these aspects, especially self-efficacy, to be unimportant as personal resources. However, this finding may also be attributed to the sample, which might be rather selective, e.g., poorly fit for their last job and therefore not enjoying work.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…A better understanding of the complex processes underlying return to work (RTW), such as factors relating to aging, impairment, disability, and subjective health, is required. Numerous studies have investigated the risk of long-term sick leave and entering disability pension (DP) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. However, there are only a few studies investigating RTW after receiving DP and the various factors facilitating RTW.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…determined by work-related resources (Job Resources) and personal resources (Personal Resources), along with work-related challenges (Job Demands) [20]. Accordingly, Nigatu and colleagues [5] found that too many work-related challenges hinder work ability and RTW. This finding was also replicated by Haveraaen and colleagues [21], who found that decision-making, self-efficacy expectations, and social support are important for RTW.Various authors have pointed out that interventions should come to pass as early as possible [6,22,23].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporary Disability Pension, RTW-Intentions, and RTW-Behavior: Expectations and Experiences of Disability Pensioners over 17 Months

Lippke

Schüz

Zschucke

2019

IJERPH

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Purpose: Individuals receiving a temporary disability pension (TDP) should get the opportunity to return to work (RTW). The current study aims to determine the factors contributing to RTW. Methods: 453 individuals on TDP were interviewed at three measurement points (T1, T2 = T1 + approximately 7 months, T3 = T1 + approximately 17 months). Socio-demographics, psychological predictors, and current work status (maintained TDP, permanent disability pension, old-age pension, employed, or receipt of other benefits) were assessed. Results: Throughout the duration of the study, only four of the former temporary disability pensioners returned to work, and an additional seven made themselves available to the labor market. These were individuals who were younger, in TDP for a shorter period of time, and reported a higher RTW-intention. Higher RTW-intention was cross-sectionally associated with younger age, shorter TDP duration, and more positive outcome expectancies. Additionally, study participants who expected that medical rehabilitation would help them RTW were more motivated to RTW. An increase in RTW-intention over 17 months was related to younger age and better health. Conclusion: Personal factors such as self-efficacy and job-related variables appear less important for RTW than age and subjective health status. The observed RTW rates call for early support and tailored medical rehabilitation interventions that help individuals prevent functional limitations, overcome disability, and facilitate RTW. determined by work-related resources (Job Resources) and personal resources (Personal Resources), along with work-related challenges (Job Demands) [20]. Accordingly, Nigatu and colleagues [5] found that too many work-related challenges hinder work ability and RTW. This finding was also replicated by Haveraaen and colleagues [21], who found that decision-making, self-efficacy expectations, and social support are important for RTW.Various authors have pointed out that interventions should come to pass as early as possible [6,22,23]. Overland and colleagues [1] found that age was not correlated with RTW-intentions but that in general, RTW was associated with age [12]. Additionally, outcome expectancies (OE) related to incentives or gratification of work also appear to be important in RTW [24]. Moreover, individuals who managed to RTW were more likely to be previously employed [16,17,25] and had participated in a specialized rehabilitation during their DP [25]. In summation, the following research questions remain unanswered and the main aim of this work is to investigate them accordingly. The research questions are as follows:(1) What is the likelihood of returning to work (RTW) when receiving temporary disability pension (TDP) in Germany, and what are the characteristics of those who returned to work? (2) What is the relationship between RTW-behavior and RTW-intention? (3) Is there an association between the duration of TDP and RTW-intention? (4) What socio-demographic and psychological factors predict RTW-intention?Int.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporary Disability Pension, RTW-Intentions, and RTW-Behavior: Expectations and Experiences of Disability Pensioners over 17 Months

Lippke

Schüz

Zschucke

2019

IJERPH

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“…Older age as a predictor of RTW corresponds to earlier systematic reviews about RTW after mental (Cornelius et al, 2011;Nigatu et al, 2017), but also somatic (Cancelliere et al, 2016;Gragnano et al, 2017) health problems. In a study conducted with the FPS data, older employees were remarkably less likely to RTW after depression than younger employees, whereas the agedifference was smaller in other common mental disorders (Mattila-Holappa et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

“…The majority of identified predictors of RTW were unspecific and predict also RTW after other mental or somatic disease (Nigatu et al, 2017;Gragnano et al, 2017;Cancelliere et al, 2016). The general RTW process thus seems to be rather similar across various diseases, but also disease-specific differences were found.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Prognostic factors for return to work after depression-related work disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Ervasti

Joensuu

Pentti

et al. 2017

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Knowledge about factors influencing return to work (RTW) after depression-related absence is highly relevant, but the evidence is scattered. We performed a systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases up to February 1, 2016 to retrieve cohort studies on the association between various predictive factors and return to work among employees with depression for review and meta-analysis. We also analyzed unpublished data from the Finnish Public Sector study. Most-adjusted estimates were pooled using fixed effects meta-analysis. Eleven published studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria, representing 22 358 person-observations from five different countries. With the additional unpublished data from the 14 101 person-observations from the Finnish Public Sector study, the total number of person-observations was 36 459. The pooled estimates were derived from 2 to 5 studies, with the number of observations ranging from 260 to 26 348. Older age (pooled relative risk [RR] 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.84-0.87), somatic comorbidity (RR = 0.80, 95% CI 0.77-0.83), psychiatric comorbidity (RR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.83-0.88) and more severe depression (RR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.98) were associated with a lower rate of return to work, and personality trait conscientiousness with higher (RR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.10) return to work. While older age and clinical factors predicted slower return, significant heterogeneity was observed between the studies. There is a dearth of observational studies on the predictors of RTW after depression. Future research should pay attention to quality aspects and particularly focus on the role of workplace and labor market factors as well as individual and clinical characteristics on RTW.

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IGLOO: A Framework for Return to Work Among Workers with Mental Health Problems

Nielsen¹,

Yarker²,

Munir³

et al. 2020

Handbook of Disability, Work and Health

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It is important for society and for organizations to support workers returning to work following mental health-related absence. Recent evidence points to an increase in mental health problems among the general population, with approximately 38.2% of the EU population suffering from a mental disorder each year (European Commission 2008.Of those who take a period of sick leave, 55% of workers make unsuccessful attempts to return to work (RTW) and 68% of those who do return have less responsibility and are paid less than before (Matrix Insight 2013). A number of challenges have been reported by workers following a period of long-term sickness absence, however current research has been somewhat limited by a focus on the initial return and a siloed approach where work and nonwork contexts are considered separately.In this book chapter, we apply the IGLOO (individual, group, leader, organizational and overarching contextual factors that may support sustainable RTW) model (Nielsen et al. 2018). In doing so, we focus on the sickness absence before return to work and consider the factors that could support return to work following long-term sickness absence. We provide an overview of the resources that may facilitate return to work among workers who are on sick leave with mental health problems. Based on the IGLOO framework we identify and discuss resources, i.e. factors that facilitate return to work at five levels: The individual (e.g. beliefs about being able to manage a successful return to work, health behaviours), the group (work groups, friends and family), the leader (line managers and healthcare provides who take the lead in supporting workers return), the organisational (Human Resource policies and external organisations such a charities) and the overarching context (social security systems).We discuss these resources that pertain to the work context but also the non-work context and highlight the importance of understanding how resources apply at different levels. We argue that there is a need to understand how societal factors, such as legislation, culture and national policies, impact return to work outcomes. We propose a holistic approach, that focuses on integrating the resources in and outside work, is needed to facilitate successful and sustainable return to work for workers with mental health problems.

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Prognostic factors for return to work of employees with common mental disorders: a meta-analysis of cohort studies

Cited by 49 publications

References 54 publications

Temporary Disability Pension, RTW-Intentions, and RTW-Behavior: Expectations and Experiences of Disability Pensioners over 17 Months

Temporary Disability Pension, RTW-Intentions, and RTW-Behavior: Expectations and Experiences of Disability Pensioners over 17 Months

Prognostic factors for return to work after depression-related work disability: A systematic review and meta-analysis

IGLOO: A Framework for Return to Work Among Workers with Mental Health Problems

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