Prognostic factors in dogs with osteosarcomas of the flat or irregular bones

Hammer, Alan S.; Weeren, F R; Weisbrode, S. E.; Padgett, Sheldon

doi:10.5326/15473317-31-4-321

Cited by 90 publications

(124 citation statements)

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“…A relationship between radiographical appearance and uptake of Sm-153-EDTMP as reflected by the T/NTC ratio seems to suggest a higher ratio in tumours with more lytic (radiographic) lesions (Cases 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) than those with sclerotic changes (6,7,8). This might be explained by the fact that bone lysis is more indicative of an aggressive lesion that may have more reactive tissue and a greater blood supply and therefore accumulate more isotope 6,18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The tumour was reported to be a chondrosarcoma of the humerus. In a recent report of osteosarcomas of the scapula, high prevalence of metastasis was found, with a short overall survival time (17 weeks) 8 . Partial scapulectomy combined with cisplatin therapy of primary bone neoplasia involving the proximal half of the scapula has also been reported; most cases developed metastatic lesions 24 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, Lewington 14 suggested that therapy will be more effective in predominantly sclerotic lesions with a brisk osteoblastic reaction than in more destructive lytic lesions. It is interesting to note that the 3 dogs (6,7,8) with radiological evidence of sclerosis had lower T/NTC ratios, but survived longer. Forrest et al 6 reported that a high pretreatment count per pixel signifies an aggressive tumour subject to early metastasis, which may explain the poorer response in Cases 1, 2 and 3.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeted radiotherapy with Sm-153-EDTMP in nine cases of canine primary bone tumours

Milner¹,

Dormehl²,

Louw³

et al. 1998

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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Nine dogs with primary bone tumours were treated with Samarium-153-EDTMP (Sm-153- EDTMP). Conventional treatment protocols were precluded by the size of the dogs and the owners' refusal of limb amputation. All the tumours were of the appendicular skeleton; 4 were confirmed osteosarcomas. The other 5 tumours were radiologically suspect for osteosarcoma. Bone scans were performed on all dogs using Technetium-99m-methylene diphosphonate (Tc-99m-MDP) before administration of Sm-153-EDTMP. Regions of interest were identified over the contralateral limb at the same site as the tumour and counts per pixel were recorded for the tumour and contralateral limb and expressed as a ratio. The dogs were given 1 injection of 37 MBq/kg (1 mCi/kg) of Sm-153-EDTMP intravenously. Thoracic and primary tumour site radiographs were taken at monthly or 2-monthly intervals to monitor progression of the primary tumour and search for evidence of metastasis. Two dogs showed no response to treatment, with an increase in bone pain, and were euthanased within 1 month. In 1 dog, a tumour of the scapula underwent complete involution and the dog is considered free of disease at 20 months post Sm-153-EDTMP treatment. The overall tumourcidal effect of a single dose of Sm-153-EDTMP on primary bone tumours was difficult to evaluate in this group of dogs, as, with one exception, all the primary tumours progressed over time and the dogs were euthanased. Pain control, for which Sm-155-EDTMP is used in man, was not evident, except in the dog that responded completely to treatment

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Targeted radiotherapy with Sm-153-EDTMP in nine cases of canine primary bone tumours

Milner¹,

Dormehl²,

Louw³

et al. 1998

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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“…Tumor grade, while prognostic in human osteosarcoma, 8 has historically not been consistently prognostic in studies of canine osteosarcoma with several studies showing no prognostic signifigance. 9,20 However, a recent study by Kirpensteijn et al showed a histologic grade of III to be an independent predictor of clinical outcome when cases of canine osteosarcomas from all locations in the body were evaluated. 11 The existence of a grading system that is significantly associated with survival for osteosarcomas, especially for this subset of osteosarcomas for which survival may be longer, would be invaluable for the clinical decision making process.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Clinical and Histopathologic Prognostic Factors for Survival in Canine Osteosarcoma of the Extracranial Flat and Irregular Bones

et al. 2012

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Osteosarcoma is the most common bone tumor in dogs. However, current literature focuses primarily on appendicular osteosarcoma. This study examined the prognostic value of histological and clinical factors in flat and irregular bone osteosarcomas and hypothesized that clinical factors would have a significant association with survival time while histological factors would not. All osteosarcoma biopsy samples of the vertebra, rib, sternum, scapula, or pelvis were reviewed while survival information and clinical data were obtained from medical records, veterinarians, and owners. Forty-six dogs were included in the analysis of histopathological variables and 27 dogs with complete clinical data were included in the analysis of clinical variables. In the histopathologic cox regression model, there was no significant association between any histologic feature of osteosarcoma, including grade, and survival time. In the clinical cox regression model, there was a significant association between the location of the tumor and survival time as well as between the percent elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) above normal and survival time. Controlling for ALP elevation, dogs with osteosarcoma located in the scapula had a significantly greater hazard for death (2.8) compared to dogs with tumors in other locations. Controlling for tumor location, every 100% increase in ALP from normal increased the hazard for death by 1.7. For canine osteosarcomas of the flat and irregular bones, histopathological features, including grade do not appear to be rigorous predictors of survival. Clinical variables such as increased ALP levels and tumor location in the scapula were associated with decreased survival times.

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“…Os locais de predileção do OSA são as regiões dos ossos longos (úmero, fêmur, raio, tíbia e ulna) (Liptak et al, 2004) com aproximadamente 25% dos tumores que surgem no esqueleto axial, incluindo os ossos planos do crânio, costelas, vértebras, esterno e pélvis (Hammer et al, 1995, Dickerson et al, 2001). …”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Canine osteosarcoma: Case report

Lima¹,

Gomes²,

Negreiros³

et al. 2017

Pubvet

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RESUMO.Osteossarcoma é um dos tumores ósseos maligno mais comum em cães, sendo que nessa espécie mais de 80% das neoplasias ósseas malignas são osteossarcomas. A ocorrência desta doença é maior em cães com 5 a 9 anos, com pico ao redor de 7 anos, porém ela também pode ser observada em cães jovens, com 1 ano de idade. Em raças de grande porte a incidência é maior e ambos os sexos são igualmente acometidos. O osteossarcoma ocorre também em gatos, mas é menos comum do que em cães, e o desenvolvimento de metástases é mais lento. A etiologia do osteossarcoma canino permanece desconhecida. Os primeiros sintomas a serem observados são claudicação e extenso aumento de volume, doloroso, no foco tumoral. O diagnóstico é baseado no histórico, exame físico, laboratorial, citilográficos e principalmente achados radiográficos, que mostram áreas de destruição óssea, neoformação óssea, contorno indefinido, reação periosteal (em alguns casos em "raios de sol") e aumento do volume de tecidos moles, sendo a confirmação feita por biópsia e exame histopatológico. Os tratamentos podem ser com quimioterapia, radioterapia, cirurgia para a amputação do membro acometido e cirurgia com preservação de membro. O prognóstico em geral é ruim, porém dependerá da espécie, da raça e da resposta ao tratamento. Palavras chave: Neoplasia óssea, osteossarcoma, tumor ósseoCanine osteosarcoma: Case report ABSTRACT. Osteosarcoma is one of the most common malignant bone tumors in dogs, and in this species more than 80% of malignant bone neoplasms are osteosarcomas. The occurrence of this disease is greater in dogs with 5 to 9 years, with a peak around 7 years, but it can also be observed in young dogs, at 1 year of age. In large breeds the incidence is higher and both sexes are equally affected. Osteosarcoma also occurs in cats, but is less common than in dogs, and the development of metastases is slower. The etiology of canine osteosarcoma remains unknown. The first symptoms to be observed are lameness and extensive painful volume increase in the tumor focus. The diagnosis is based on the history, physical examination, laboratory examination, scintigraphy and mainly radiographic findings, showing areas of bone destruction, bone neoformation, indefinite contour, periosteal reaction (in some cases in "sun rays") and increase in tissue volume The biopsy and histopathological examination were confirmed. The treatments can be with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery for amputation of the affected limb and surgery with limb preservation. The prognosis is usually poor, but will depend on the species, the breed and the response to treatment.

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Prognostic factors in dogs with osteosarcomas of the flat or irregular bones

Cited by 90 publications

References 0 publications

Targeted radiotherapy with Sm-153-EDTMP in nine cases of canine primary bone tumours

Targeted radiotherapy with Sm-153-EDTMP in nine cases of canine primary bone tumours

Evaluation of Clinical and Histopathologic Prognostic Factors for Survival in Canine Osteosarcoma of the Extracranial Flat and Irregular Bones

Canine osteosarcoma: Case report

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